Diamond (symbol)
The diamond , a square with edges of equal length, generally an acute-angled diamond (rhombus) , is a relatively common symbol, sign, or emblem. Usually two opposite corners are arranged vertically one above the other and horizontally next to one another.
Uses
- On calculators , the subtotals key is marked with a rhombus symbol. In this function, the symbol is standardized in DIN ISO 7000 “Graphic symbols on facilities” as the symbol ISO-7000-0650 “Subtotal” .
- Hazard notices are often diamond-shaped (often combined with the warning colors red / orange / yellow), for example in the ADR , GHS , US DOT hazmat or NFPA 704 (hazard diamond) systems . The shape is more "alarming" than round or (lying) square shapes. Their use corresponds to that of the triangle for warning notices in road traffic and occupational safety .
- Road signs are often diamond-shaped in the United States and Japan . In Germany, Austria, Switzerland and other European countries, this form is an explicit specialty of the traffic sign for priority (right of way, right of way) . (The triangle on the top is considered to be unstable and therefore more alarming; this is reserved exclusively for the opposite, which is considered to be noteworthy, the subordinate ("note the right of way") . These shapes were expressly examined and taken into account when the traffic signs were introduced.)
- In heraldry , a distinction is made between the rhombus and the wake , the latter is slimmer, without precise delimitation.
- In program flowcharts and activity diagrams , the diamond stands for a branch or a decision to be made. In network plans and Gantt charts , it symbolizes events, especially milestones .
- Traffic signs
German traffic sign "Priority road", squares
Road sign in the USA, square
Carpool lane sign in the USA
- Emblems
Hamburger SV , squares
Trail marking
Characters
In the case of characters, "hash" (or "hash mark") denotes the # sign ( double cross , U + 0023 number sign ), as a result of the standardization of the designation of the symbol ⌗ on the telephone keypad (U + 2317 viewdata square ), which is consistently represented today, according to the Recommendation ITU-T E.161 of the International Telecommunication Union . If other actually diamond-shaped special characters are to be named according to their shape, the designation “rhombus”, which is synonymous with “rhombus” in geometry, is available. For the characters named in the Unicode standard diamond (squares placed on their tips), the translation “diamonds” applicable to playing card symbols can be used.
Various diamond-shaped special characters are contained in Unicode :
- General characters:
- ◊ (U + 25CA lozenge "Spitzraute", on table calculators and their print strips "Subtotal " or "Subtotal"). It can be inserted into HTML source texts with “& loz;”. This character is contained in the 8-bit Macintosh Roman character set at position D7 hex . The corresponding Unicode character is therefore contained in numerous common fonts (e.g. Arial , Times New Roman or Linux Libertine ) and can therefore be displayed on common computer systems without any problems. With the keyboard assignment E1 it can be entered with the key sequence
- !.
- Graphic characters:
- ◆ (U + 25C6 black diamond "full-surface diamond ")
- ◇ (U + 25C7 white diamond "hollow diamond ")
- Playing card symbols:
- ♦ (U + 2666 black diamond suit "full-surface playing card symbol diamonds") represents the playing card color diamonds .
- ♢ (U + 2662 white diamod suit "hollow playing card symbol diamonds")
- Others:
- ⋄ (U + 22C4 diamond operator "Karo-operator"): It is used for illustration of the mathematical operator Karo .
- ⃟ (U + 20DF combining enclosing diamond ), a combining character that overlays the preceding character: @ ⃟.
- Similar symbols:
- ✦ (U + 2726 black four pointed star "full-surface four-pointed star")
- ✧ (U + 2727 white four pointed star "hollow four-pointed star")
Merkel diamond
In recent years, the so-called Merkel diamond has become a frequently mentioned topic.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Computer dictionary: Walther Multa 32. Retrieved on July 31, 2012 .
- ↑ Erich Ruhland: The secretary. A teaching, work and reference book for questions and answers. 5th edition, Frankfurt am Main 1972, p. 144: 63. What happens when you use the subtotal key? - The result is printed with the subtotal symbol, ... but remains in the counter.
- ↑ Sign 306
- ↑ Regulatory Mark 25a
- ↑ Right of way: main street
- ^ Hans-Dieter Zollondz: Lexicon quality management. Handbook of Modern Management on the Basis of Quality Management - Insurance Management Edition . De Gruyter Oldenbourg, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-486-24316-0 , p. 243 .
- ↑ Rainer Kollmeier: Software development compact and understandable. How software systems are created . 2nd Edition. Springer Vieweg, Wiesbaden 2015, ISBN 978-3-658-10876-2 , p. 52 .
- ↑ Holger Timinger: Modern project management: with traditional, agile and hybrid approaches to success . 1st edition. Weinheim 2017, ISBN 978-3-527-80470-2 .
- ↑ Thomas Grosser: Basics of project management: The comprehensive introduction . DieBirne Verlag, Basel 2017, ISBN 978-3-906248-18-9 .
- ↑ so named in the informative appendix to the keyboard standard DIN 2137-01: 2018-12