Reich Air Defense School

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Building of the former Reich Air Defense School, 2011
Heckeshorn bunker on the site of the former Reich Air Defense School, 2011

The Reich Air Protection School is a building complex in Heckeshorn down the road Am Grossen Wannsee (house numbers 77/80) in the district of Wannsee the borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf of Berlin .

The building was designed by the architect Eduard Jobst Siedler in 1938/39. Air raid guards from all over Germany should be trained here. To camouflage, the Reich Air Defense School was not built in the style of a typical barracks, but rather like a dignified housing estate. What is remarkable about the building complex is how much consideration was given to the existing forest landscape in the planning. In order to preserve the natural level of the site, especially the valley basin lined with trees, large buildings typical of barracks - with the exception of a high bunker - were dispensed with. Instead, two-storey houses for accommodation, school and lecture halls, administration and garages were distributed on the spacious 490,000 m² property in a loosely scattered form. The paths laid out follow the contour curves. Hermann Göring inaugurated the site with a pompous celebration in May 1939.

For the facades of the buildings, Siedler used reddish-brown clinker, which blends in well with the landscape. Each house received a restrained brick ornamentation with cornice strips and protruding brick strips. At the entrances you can see clinker bricks in the form of triangles that are raised across the ashlar (example: House H). These decorative elements are reminiscent of expressionist forms.

After the Second World War , a sanatorium for tuberculosis sufferers was built in the intact buildings , which later became the Heckeshorn Lung Clinic (now Helios Clinic Emil von Behring, Heckeshorn Lung Clinic, since 2007 at Walterhöferstrasse 11). The pulmonologist Karl Ludwig Radenbach , a pioneer of tuberculosis research, worked here.

literature

  • Ingo Krüger: Country houses & villas in Berlin + Potsdam No. 3: Grosser Wannsee. Alsen Colony. Villa Liebermann ; Aschenbeck & Holstein Verlag, Delmenhorst and Berlin 2005; ISBN 3-932292-77-4
  • Vera Seehausen & Reinhard Hein: History (s) of the Heckeshorn site at Wannsee. A walk . In: Seehausen, Vera, Bauer, Torsten, Kaiser, Dirk and Loddenkemper, Robert (Ed.): From Phthisiology to Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery . 60 years of the Heckeshorn Lung Clinic. Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 2007; ISBN 978-3-13-134651-3 ; Pp. 92-97

Web links

Commons : Reichsluftschutzschule  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 52 ° 26 ′ 2.2 "  N , 13 ° 9 ′ 40.2"  E

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mysterious places: At Wannsee. A film by Karin Reiss; Copyright: RBB, min 18:38. Source ADDX archive: Videos & TV recordings ( http://www.addx.de/textarchiv/archiv-index-zl.php ), Doc. No. V046.