Reinwardt-Arassari

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Reinwardt-Arassari
Reinwardt-Arassari (male of the subspecies Selenidera reinwardtii langsdorffii)

Reinwardt-Arassari
(male of the subspecies Selenidera reinwardtii langsdorffii )

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Woodpecker birds (Piciformes)
Family : Toucans (Ramphastidae)
Genre : Short-billed toucans ( Selenidera )
Type : Reinwardt-Arassari
Scientific name
Selenidera reinwardtii
( Wagler , 1827)

The Reinwardt Arassari ( Selenidera reinwardtii ) is a species of bird from the toucan family and occurs in South America. As with other short-billed toucans, there is a pronounced sexual dimorphism .

The Reinwardt Arassaris population was classified in the IUCN's Red List of Threatened Species in 2016 as “ Least Concern (LC) ” = “not endangered”.

Appearance

The Reinwardt-Arassari reaches a body length of 30 to 33 centimeters and is one of the small toucans. The males of the nominate form have a wing length of 11.9 to 13.3 centimeters. The tail length is 9.8 to 11.7 and the beak length is 5.0 to 6.5 centimeters. Females have similar body measurements, but slightly shorter beaks with 4.6 to 5.6 centimeters.

The males of the nominate form have a black forehead and a black crown. The neck, throat and chest are also feathered black. The ear mark is yellow and there is a yellow band in the neck. The top of the body is dark olive green. On the flanks they each have a large yellow spot, the thighs, on the other hand, as well as the under tail-coverts are red. The tail is black, the six central feathers each have brown-red tips. The beak is large in relation to the body size. It is dark red with a black ridge and a black tip. The featherless eye region is blue-green, the eyes are yellow with a dark gray spot in front of and behind the pupil. The eyelashes are bluish. The feet and legs are blue-gray. Females differ from males by the brown plumage on their head, throat, chest and neck.

There is hardly any possibility of confusion with other toucan species due to their small body size. The distribution area borders on that of the Gould-Arassaris , but does not overlap with this. The distribution area of ​​the Reinwardt-Arassari overlaps in northwestern Brazil with that of the Natterer-Arassari . Both the Gould and the Natterer Arassari, however, lack the black beak tip that is characteristic of the Reinwardt Arassari.

Distribution area and habitat

The distribution area is very large. It stretches across southeast Colombia, eastern Ecuador and from northeast Peru to western Brazil. The habitats of the Reinwardt-Arassaris are basically moist forests and forest edge areas up to an altitude of 500 meters. The nominate form occurs exceptionally in Peru at altitudes of up to 1500 meters. The Reinwardt-Arassari predominantly inhabits tropical, evergreen forests. Where it also inhabits mountain forests, these show a rich growth of mosses and epiphytes. It also inhabits Várzea forests and wooded areas in floodplains at a lower density . Secondary forest is mostly avoided by him.

Way of life

Unlike most other toucan species, the Reinwardt Arassari does not feed mainly on fruits, but is an omnivore, in whose food spectrum insects play a major role. He looks for termites on termite mounds and he has also been seen catching flies from the air. He searches tree trunks and foliage for insects and invertebrates. He also hunts birds. Occasionally it joins other bird species while foraging.

The Reinwardt-Arassari is territorial. He defends an area of ​​275 to 300 hectares, but only uses around 35 percent of it for his foraging. The reproductive biology of the Reinwardt-Arassari is largely unexplored until now.

Subspecies

So far, two subspecies are known:

  • Selenidera reinwardtii reinwardtii ( Wagler , 1827) - nominate form , occurs in southern Colombia , eastern Ecuador and northeastern Peru .
  • Selenidera reinwardtii langsdorffii ( Wagler , 1827) - is widespread in eastern Peru, western Brazil and northern Bolivia .

Etymology and history of research

The first description of Reinwardt-Aracaris was made in 1827 by Johann Georg Wagler under the scientific name Pteroglossus reinwardtii . The type specimen was in the natural history museum in Munich and came from Brazil. It was not until 1837 that the new genus Selenidera was introduced by John Gould for the Gouldarassari ( Selenidera gouldii ( Natterer , 1837)). This word is a Greek word formation from »selēnē σεληνη « for »moon« and »deirē, dera δειρη, δερα « for »neck, collar«. The species name »reinwardtii« is dedicated to Kaspar Georg Karl Reinwardt . "Langsdorffii" honors the Consul General of Brazil Georg Heinrich von Langsdorff .

supporting documents

literature

  • Werner Lantermann: Toucans and Arassaris. Filander Verlag, Fürth 2002, ISBN 3-930831-46-5 .
  • Lester L. Short, Jennifer FM Horne: Toucans, Barbets and Honeyguides - Ramphastidae, Capitonidae and Indicatoridae. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2001, ISBN 0-19-854666-1 .
  • Johann Georg Wagler: Systema Avium . Sumtibus JG Cottae, Stuttgart, Tübingen 1827 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • John Gould: Icones avium, or, Figures and descriptions of new and interesting species of birds from various parts of the globe . Published by the author, London 1837 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .

Single receipts

  1. ↑ Selenidera reinwardtii in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2016 Posted by: BirdLife International, 2016. Accessed December 14, 2018th
  2. ↑ Short et al., P. 348.
  3. ↑ Short et al., P. 347.
  4. ↑ Short et al., P. 348.
  5. ↑ Short et al., P. 349.
  6. ↑ Short et al., P. 349.
  7. ↑ IOC World Bird List Jacamars, puffbirds, toucans, barbets, honeyguides
  8. ↑ a b c Johann Georg Wagler, p. 11.
  9. ↑ a b Johann Georg Wagler, p. 12.
  10. ^ John Gould, plate 7 & text.
  11. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 352.

Web links

Commons : Reinwardt-Arassari ( Selenidera reinwardtii )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files