Johann Georg Wagler

Johann Georg Wagler

Johann Georg Wagler (born March 28, 1800 in Nuremberg , † August 23, 1832 in Moosach ) was a German zoologist and herpetologist .

Life

After finishing high school in his hometown, he began his scientific studies as a student at the University of Erlangen in 1818 . He was the assistant ("adjunct") of the famous natural scientist Johann Baptist von Spix after his return from his trip to Brazil, but he was not his successor. He initially held lectures at the medical-practical training institute and after the Ludwig Maximilians University moved from Landshut to Munich (1827) at the university. A work with very beautiful illustrations (lithographs) has only recently become known again. After Wagler's death in 1826, he worked on the extensive material that Spix had brought back from Brazil . In particular, he described the snakes collected by Spix in Brazil (1824). In his Monographia Psittacorum (1832) he named the Spix's Macaw after its discoverer. Spix discovered and described this species, but gave it an invalid name ( homonym ).

Wagler, who was married to the royal court orchestra singer Nannette Pestl, was elected as an extraordinary member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences in 1827 . On August 23, 1832, at the age of 32, he died in the royal pheasantry "Oberer Fasangarten" in Moosach as a result of a gunshot wound he had accidentally inflicted on himself.

Animal species or subspecies named after him

• Colombian Parakeet ( Psittacara wagleri ( Gray, GR , 1845))
• Waglerarassari ( Aulacorhynchus wagleri ( Sturm & Sturm , 1841)), also regarded by some scientists as a subspecies of the Laucharassari ( Aulacorhynchus prasinus wagleri )
• Wagler-Trupial ( Icterus wagleri Sclater, PL , 1857)
• Wagler treecreeper ( Lepidocolaptes wagleri ), also regarded by some scientists as a subspecies of the spotted tree climber ( Lepidocolaptes squamatus wagleri ( von Spix , 1824)).
• Red-bellied Guan ( Ortalis wagleri ( Gray, GR , 1867))
• Red-headed front bird ( Psarocolius wagleri ( Gray, GR , 1844))
• Wagler's lance viper ( Tropidolaemus wagleri ( Boie , 1827))
• Sicilian wall lizard ( Podarcis waglerianus Gistel , 1868)

Alfred Malherbe described 1861 Picus wagleri , now synonymous with the Sprenkelbrustspecht ( Dendrocopos analis ( Bonaparte , 1850)), George Robert Gray in 1871 Chettusia wagleri , now a synonym for the Sociable Lapwing ( Vanellus gregarius ( Pallas , 1771)), René Lesson 1829 Оrnismуа Waglerii , a synonym for the Blaukopf Hummingbird ( Cyanophaia bicolor ( Gmelin, JF , 1788)), Frederick DuCane Godman and Osbert Salvin 1895 wagleri Melanerpes , a synonym for the red-crowned woodpecker ( Melanerpes rubricapillus ( Cabanis , 1862)) and Philip Sclater 1860 pygoscelis wagleri , a synonym for the gentoo penguin ( Pygoscelis papua ( Forster, JR , 1781)).

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  Waglerarassar illustrated Johann Heinrich Christian Friedrich Sturm as part of the first description

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  Colombian Parakeet illustrated by Henry Constantine Richter as part of the first description

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  Le Wagler Оrnismуа Waglerii illustrated by Jean-Gabriel Prêtre

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  Lepidocolaptes squamatus wagleri (Figure 2) illustrated by Karl Friedrich Philipp von Martius (1794–1868)

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  Red-headed front bird illustrated by David William Mitchell (1813-1859)

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  Picus wagleri (Figure 1) illustrated by Malherbe

Works

• The amphibians . Book I. Joh. Bernh. Geyer, Nuremberg 1821 ( epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de [PDF]).
• with Johann Baptist von Spix: Serpentum Brasiliensium species novaev ou, Histoire naturelle des espèces nouvelles de serpens, recueillies et observées pendant le voyage dans l'intérieur du Brésil dans les années 1817, 1818, 1819, 1820 exécute par orde de sa Majestè le roi de Bavière . Typis FS Hübschmanni, Munich 1824 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
• Systema Avium . Sumtibus JG Cottae, Stuttgart 1827 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
• Entries and remarks on the first volume of his Systema Avium . In: Isis von Oken . tape 22 , no. 5 , 1829, pp. 505-519 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
• Entries and remarks on the first volume of his Systema Avium . In: Isis von Oken . tape 22 , no. 6 , 1829, pp. 645-664 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
• Entries and remarks on the first volume of his Systema Avium . In: Isis von Oken . tape 22 , no. 7 , 1829, pp. 736-762 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
• Revisio generis Pipra . In: Isis von Oken . tape 23 , no. 9 , 1830, p. 928-943 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
• Revisio generis Penelope . In: Isis von Oken . tape 23 , no. 11 , 1830, p. 1109-1112 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
• Some communications on the animals of Mexico . In: Isis von Oken . tape 24 , no. 5 , 1831, p. 510-535 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
• Reports on some remarkable animals . In: Isis von Oken . tape 25 , no. 3 , 1832, p. 275-320 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
• New clans and genera of mammals and birds . In: Isis von Oken . tape 25 , no. 11 , 1832, p. 1218-1235 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
• Descriptiones et icones amphibiorum . Sumtibus JG Cotttae, Munich, Stuttgart, Tübingen ( biodiversitylibrary.org - part 1, panels 1-12 & text (1828), part 2 (1830) panels 13-24 & text, part 3 (1833) panels 25-36 & text ).
• Monographia Psittacorum . George Jaquet, Munich 1832 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
• Monographia Psittacorum . George Jaquet, Munich 1835 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).

swell

• Kraig Adler: Contributions to the History of Herpetology. Society for the study of amphibians and reptiles, Oxford, Ohio 1989, ISBN 0-916984-19-2 .
• Friedrich Boie: Comments on Merrem's attempt at a system of amphibians . In: Isis von Oken . tape 20 , 1827, pp. 508-566 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
• Johannes von Nepomuk Franz Xaver Gistel: A contribution to the doctrine of the geographical distribution of the same . In: Look into the life of nature and man . 1860, p. 144-167 .
• Frederick DuCane Godman, Osbert Salvin: Aves . In: Biologia Centrali-Americana: zoology, botany and archeology . tape 2 , p. 1-598 ( biodiversitylibrary.org - 1888-1904).
• George Robert Gray: The genera of birds: comprising their generic characters, a notice of the habits of each genus, and an extensive list of species referred to their several genera . tape 2 . Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, London ( biodiversitylibrary.org - 1844-1849).
• George Robert Gray: List of the specimens of birds in the collection of the British Museum . 5 gallinae. Typis Franc Seraph. Hübschmanni, Munich 1867 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
• George Robert Gray: Hand-list of genera and species of birds: distinguishing those contained in the British Museum . tape 3 . Printed by the Order of the Trustees, London 1871 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
• René Primevère Lesson : Histoire naturelle des oiseaux-mouches, ouvrage orné de planches desinées et gravée par les meilleurs artistes et dédié A SAR Mademoiselle. - 85 plates (Prêtre, Antoine Germaine Bévalet, Marie Clémence Lesson after Louis Pierre Vieillot, Antoine Charles Vauthier after William Swainson, Pancrace Bessa , Elisa Zoé Dumont de Sainte Croix) . Arthus-Bertrand, Paris ( biodiversitylibrary.org - 1829-1830).
• Alfred Malherbe: Monograph des Picidées ou Histoire naturelle des Picidés, Pigumminés, Yuncinés ou Torcols . tape 1 . Jules Veronnais, Metz 1861 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
• Philip Lutley Sclater: Notes on the Birds in the Museum of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, and other Collections in the United States of America . In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London . tape 25 , no. 327 , 1857, pp. 1-8 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
• Philip Lutley Sclater: Catalog of the Birds of the Falkland Islands . In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London . tape 28 , no. 8 , 1860, p. 382-391 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
• Johann Baptist von Spix: Avium species novae, quas in itinere annis per Brasiliam MDCCCXVII-MDCCCXX Jussu et Auspuciis Maximiliani Josephi I. Bavariae Regis . tape 1 . Typis Franc Seraph. Hübschmanni, Munich ( gallica.bnf.fr - 1824-1825).
• Johann Heinrich Christian Friedrich Sturm, Johann Wilhelm Sturm: J. Gould's monograph of the Ramphastiden or Toucan-like birds . Printed at the publisher's expense, Nuremberg ( biodiversitylibrary.org - 1841-1847).

literature

• Wilhelm Hess :  Wagler, Johann Georg . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 41, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1896, p. 776.

Web links

Commons : Johann Georg Wagler  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

• Literature by and about Johann Georg Wagler in the catalog of the German National Library

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b} Heinrich Balß: The Zoological State Collection and the Zoological Institute . In: The scientific institutions of the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich . Munich 1926, p. 300-315 .
2. ↑ Wolf Bachmann: The Attributes of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences 1807-1827 . In: Munich Historical Studies, Department of Bavarian History . tape 8 . Kallmünz 1966, p. 130-141 .
3. ↑ Josef F. Schmidtler, Herbert Rösler, Andreas Schmitz, Nicole Ernst: The illustration of American amphibians and reptiles in the magnificent Nuremberg works by Johann Wolf (1818/1822): "Illustrations and descriptions of strange natural history objects" and Johann Wagler (1821): " The amphibians. Book I " . In: A. Kwet, M. Niekisch (Ed.): Mertensiella . tape 23 . Basilisken-Presse, Rangsdorf 2016, p. 142-155 .
4. ↑ Hans Holzhaider : Long studies of early death ( with description of the accident ) in: Süddeutsche Zeitung of December 27, 2015
5. ^ Eva Karl: The tragic death of the zoologist Johann Georg Wagler in the pheasantry "Oberer Fasangarten" in Moosach in 1832 . In: Moosacher Geschichtsblätter, Heft 3 (2020), pp. 49–52 ( with a postcard from the Fasanerie Moosach from 1899 and an aerial photo of the Upper Pheasant Garden from July 1936 )
6. ^ George Robert Gray (1845), p. CII.
7. ^ Johann Heinrich Christian Friedrich Sturm u. a., plate 16 & text.
8. ^ Philip Lutley Sclater (1857), p. 7.
9. ^ Johann Baptist von Spix, p. 88, plate 90, figure 2.
10. ↑ George Robert Gray (1867), p. 12.
11. ^ George Robert Gray (1844), p. 342, plate 85.
12. ^ Friedrich Boie, p. 561.
13. ↑ Johannes von Nepomuk Franz Xaver Gistel, p. 149.
14. ↑ Alfred Malherbe, p. 112, plate 29, figure 1.
15. ↑ George Robert Gray (1871), p. 11.
16. ↑ René Primevère Lesson, p. XVII, p. 203, plate 73.
17. ↑ Frederick DuCane Godman et al. a., p. 416.
18. ^ Philip Lutley Sclater (1860), p. 390.