Relic ruff bat
| Relic ruff bat | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Myonycteris relicta | ||||||||||||
| Bergmans , 1980 |
The Reliktäre ruff bat or East African ruff flying fox ( Myonycteris relicta ) is a Fledertier from the kind of collar flying foxes ( Myonycteris ). It occurs in Kenya , Tanzania , Zimbabwe and Mozambique .
features
The relict ruff bat reaches a head-torso length of 90 to 115 mm. The wing span is 65 to 75 mm, the tail length 5 to 14 mm, the ear length 17 to 20 mm, the forearm length 26 to 29 mm, the rear foot length 9 to 22 mm, the weight 48 to 54 g, the skull length 35.5 to 39 , 2 mm and the skull width 20.6 to 22 mm. The sexes are similar. The dense fur, woolly on the head, extends halfway along the forearms and marginally on the flight skin along the legs (but not to the ankles) and further to the tail skin, but only next to the legs. The fur hairs on the middle back are 7 to 8 mm long.
| 2 | · | 1 | · | 3 | · | 2 | = 32 |
| 2 | · | 1 | · | 3 | · | 2 |
The back fur is light to medium reddish brown. The light pink brown hair has reddish brown tips. There are no epaulettes or white markings on the shoulder and no spots under the ears. There are no white marks on the head. The peritoneum is pink-brown with a slightly darker hair base. The ruff, which only occurs in adult males, is made up of comparatively rough, light orange or light orange-brown hairs on the chin, neck, upper chest up to the shoulders. The muzzle is moderately long. The lips are quite thick and easily stretchable. The ears are dark brown. The eyes are big. The dark brown flight skin is connected to the second toe. The toes are webbed up to the middle of the first phalanx. The skull is short and graceful for an African flying fox. The rostrum is of medium relative length and is 36 to 37 percent of the length of the skull. The bit is comparatively strong and simple. There are two lower incisors on each side. The two second molars are reduced. The third molar is missing. The fourth premolar and the first molar are elongated and almost right-angled in the occlusal contour, with the longitudinal axes pointing slightly forward to the lingual sides of the jaw.
distribution
Bergmans names deposits from the Shimba Hills in southeastern Kenya, the Usambara Mountains and the Nguru Mountains in Tanzania, several other unpublished locations in Tanzania and from two isolated locations in eastern Zimbabwe. All places that are known with some accuracy are located in forest areas or in undifferentiated Afromontan vegetation in the East African Zanzibar - Inhambane coast forest mosaic. The holotype was collected on the Mukanda River in the Shimba Hills, which are covered by a mosaic of open land and forest areas. Ara Monadjem was able to detect the species in the Chuizuia forest in northern Mozambique.
Habitat and way of life
The relic ruff bat lives in forests in the coastal forest mosaic of East Africa and inland forests at altitudes of 120 to 1000 m. Little is known about his way of life. A pregnant female would be collected in November and a lactating female and two half-grown specimens were collected in February. Sleeping places and nurseries have not yet been discovered.
status
The Reliktäre ruff bat in 1994 "at risk" category ( vulnerable ) to the Red List of Threatened Species of IUCN added. In 2016 the status was changed to “not at risk” ( least concern ). Little is known about the population of this species. Almost all collections consisted of individual specimens caught in Japanese nets. Although little is known about the ecology and biology of this species, there is considerable ongoing habitat loss within the range (through deforestation, firewood harvest and conversion of natural areas into agricultural areas).
literature
- Wim Bergmans : A new fruit bat of the genus Myonycteris Matschie, 1899, from eastern Kenya and Tanzania (Mammalia, Megachiroptera). Zoologische Mededelingen 55 (14), 1980, pp. 171-181.
- Wim Bergmans: Taxonomy and Biogeography of African Fruit Bats (Mammalia, Megachiroptera). 5. The genera Lissonycteris Andersen, 1912, Myonycteris Matschie, 1899 and Megaloglossus Pagenstecher, 1885; General remarks and conclusions; Annex: Key to all species. Beaufortia 47 (2), 1997, pp. 56-58.
- John D Skinner; Christian T Chimimba: The Mammals of the Southern African Sub-region Cambridge University Press, 3rd edition, 2005. ISBN 978-0-52184-418-5 . Pp. 270-271.
- Ara Monadjem , Peter John Taylor, Fenton PD Cotterill , Martinus Corrie Schoeman: Bats of Southern and Central Africa: A Biogeographic and Taxonomic Synthesis , Witwatersrand University Press, South Africa, 2010, ISBN 1-86814-508-5 . (2nd edition 2013), pp. 120–123.
- Peter John Taylor : Bergman's Collared Fruit Bat. In: Jonathan Kingdon, Thomas M. Butynski, David CD Happold, Meredith Happold (Eds.): Mammals of Africa. Volume 3: Rodents, Hares and Rabbits. Bloomsbury, London et al. 2013, ISBN 978-1-4081-2254-9 , pp. 273-274.
Web links
- Myonycteris relicta inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017.3. Posted by: Mickleburgh, S., Hutson, AM, Bergmans, W., Cotterill, F. & Jacobs, D., 2016. Retrieved April 28, 2018.
Individual evidence
- ^ Wim Bergmans: Taxonomy and Biogeography of African Fruit Bats (Mammalia, Megachiroptera). 5. The genera Lissonycteris Andersen, 1912, Myonycteris Matschie, 1899 and Megaloglossus Pagenstecher, 1885; General remarks and conclusions; Annex: Key to all species. Beaufortia 47 (2), 1997, pp. 56-58.