Bark sac spiders

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Bark sac spiders
Copa flavoplumosa, female

Copa flavoplumosa , female

Systematics
Class : Arachnids (arachnida)
Order : Spiders (Araneae)
Subordination : Real spiders (Araneomorphae)
Partial order : Entelegynae
Superfamily : Corinnoidea
Family : Bark sac spiders
Scientific name
Corinnidae
Karsch , 1880

The bark sack spiders (Corinnidae) are a family of real spiders within the subfamily Corinnoidea that is widespread worldwide . The family includes 67 genera with around 743 species , which are grouped into three subfamilies. (Status: February 2016)

Many of the species are strongly reminiscent of ants in appearance . They live on the ground and inhabit forest areas.

description

Viewed from the side, Myrmecotypus rettenmeyeri resembles the ant species Camponotus sericeiventris .

The representatives of the bark sac spiders measure between three and ten millimeters. Depending on the subfamily, they are colored differently: While the Trachelinae have a light abdomen and a bright red to red-brown front back shield ( carapace ), the other two subfamilies Castianeirinae and Corinninae are dark. The Castianeirinae go into the metallic and often have stripes or other patterns formed by feather-like bristles. The third subfamily, Corinninae, tends to be yellowish-brown. The abdomen is covered in all subfamilies by white hairs that form transverse bands or spots.

The egg-shaped carapace seen from above is often severely sclerotized . From the side it is stretched in the ant-like animals. The eight eyes are arranged in two rows of four. In the subfamily Corinninae, the middle, front two eyes are located on a hill. The flat to arched breast shield ( sternum ) ends abruptly just before the start of the rear legs.

The abdomen is also ovoid and tends to become sclerotic. In the ant-like species it is elongated. The respiratory organs consist of two book lungs and a tracheal system limited to the abdomen . The air holes of the book lungs are located near the spinnerets . While the two front, strong spinnerets are very close, the rear pair is further apart. The females have three spinnerets on the front spinnerets and two spinnerets on the back. The species of the subfamily Trachelinae can also have even more spinnerets. The colulus is triangular and sclerotized.

The legs of ant-like species are long and slender, otherwise they are rather stocky and studded with bristles. In addition, except for the Trachelinae, there are pronounced thorns. On the tarsi there are two claws, tactile sense organs and underdeveloped hair pads, the so-called scopulae , which are used to walk on smooth surfaces. The small sclerites called chilum at the base of the chelicerae , just below the frontal plate , are strongly developed and usually consist of only one part. The chelicerae themselves are strong and strongly convex. They are occupied with two rows of teeth. The lower lip ( labium ) is slightly convex and indented on the sides.

Systematics

The World Spider Catalog currently lists 67 genera and 743 species for bark sac spiders. (Status: February 2016)

Web links

Commons : Bark sac spiders (Corinnidae)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Corinnidae in the World Spider Catalog

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Natural History Museum of the Burgergemeinde Bern: World Spider Catalog Version 17.0 - Corinnidae . Retrieved June 3, 2016.
  2. ↑ a b Rudy Jocque, Ansie Dippenaar-Schoeman: Spider Families of the World . Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren 2007, ISBN 978-90-75894-85-1 , p. 96 f . (English).