Roter Berg (Erfurt)
| Red mountain | ||
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.jpg){kind=small} Roter Berg (Erfurt) |
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| location | Thuringia ( Germany ) | |
| Coordinates | 51 ° 1 '24 " N , 11 ° 1' 40" E | |
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| rock | Keuper | |
| particularities | Protected part of the landscape, location of the Erfurt zoo | |
The Rote Berg is a 234 meter high mountain in the north of the Thuringian capital Erfurt . It got its name from the red rock Keuper , which occurs here and from which bricks have been extracted for centuries . It protrudes about 40 meters from the Thuringian Basin .
On the western slope of the mountain lay a submerged village of Falkenhausen, at the foot of the eastern side a village of Sulza. Both were devastation at the beginning of modern times . Numerous field names, such as Orphal, Hohenwind and Uffhausen, are reminiscent of other earlier villages. The Erfurters buried 1,200 plague deaths in 11 pits on the Red Mountain , which they could no longer accommodate in the city. Wine was grown on the southern slope until the introduced phylloxera put an end to it. There was a vineyard house as a popular excursion destination for the old Erfurt residents. The first Erfurt airfield was built south of the mountain in 1925 and was operated by Lufthansa until 1939. It was used for military purposes from the 1930s to 1945 by the air force and the "repair shop" in Erfurt-Nord and was the target of American air raids in 1944 . Anti-aircraft guns were stationed on the Red Mountain . The heavy air raid there on July 20, 1944 resulted in numerous dead and seriously wounded among the Air Force soldiers. From 1956 to 1974 the area was still used by sport pilots.
The Thuringian Zoopark is located on the Red Mountain . Around the area are Erfurt Roter Berg , one block area (south), the red-mountain settlement (south-east), the Sulzer settlement (east), a small garden area (north) and a brick factory of the company Wienerberger in the northwest.
The Rote Berg served as Erfurt's waste dump for many years, was later recultivated and the entire area is now a refuge for animals and plants, for recreation and leisure activities. In 2005, a larger area of the former clay pits, around 5.5 hectares, was recultivated by the Wienerberger Group and converted into a biotope .
Further protected areas are planned. In 1997 the city of Erfurt declared the entire Roter Berg area to be a protected part of the landscape with the aim of preserving existing biotopes and naturally preserved areas as such and protecting them from further loss.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hans Braun: A mountain with a lot of history . Thuringian General, September 2, 2015
- ↑ Helmut Wolf: Erfurt in the air war 1939-1945 . Glaux-Verlag, Jena 2005. S. 140. ISBN 3-931743-89-6