Red-rimmed lapwing
| Red-rimmed lapwing | ||||||||||
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Red-lapped Lapwing ( Vanellus indicus ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||
| Vanellus indicus | ||||||||||
| ( Boddaert , 1783) |
The red-lapped lapwing ( Vanellus indicus ) is a medium-sized wader in the plover family (Charadriidae). There are four subspecies.
description
Red-lobed lapwing reach a body length of 32 to 35 centimeters. They correspond in size to a lapwing . Males and females look alike.
The yellow legs and the red beak with black tips are relatively long. The upper side plumage has a light brown color with a green-metallic touch. The bird has a black crown, black plumage on the front face, black chest plumage and black tips on the white tail feathers. On the sides of the face there is a red rag from the base of the beak to the eyes. At the back of the face the plumage is white, which ends in a white underside plumage. In flight, a wide white band becomes visible that runs diagonally across the wing. The hand wings, hand covers and the outer arm wings are black. The upper tail covers and control feathers are white. The tail has a broad black end band.
Young birds have a dull and brownish faded head markings. The chin and throat are whitish. The red skin flaps are less pronounced in juveniles than in adult birds.
distribution and habitat
The breeding areas of the red-lapped lapwing extend over swamps and along rivers in Iraq , Iran and Central Asia, as well as over large areas of South and Southeast Asia. The birds that breed in the south of Russia migrate to southern Asia such as India and to East Africa and Northeast Africa in winter . The red-lapwing is a rare guest in Western Europe . The distribution area of the individual subspecies is distributed as follows:
- The nominate form Vanellus indicus indicus ( Boddaert , 1783) occurs in Pakistan, India, Nepal and Bangladesh.
- The subspecies Vanellus indicus lankae ( Koelz , 1939) is widespread in Sri Lanka
- The subspecies Vanellus indicus atronuchalis ( Jerdon , 1864) occurs from northeast India and Myanmar to Malaysia and Vietnam.
- The subspecies Vanellus indicus aigneri ( Laubmann , 1913) colonizes south-east Turkey, Iraq, south and east Iran, south Turkmenistan, east Arabia, Afghanistan and Pakistan as far as the Indus.
The red-lobed lapwing occurs predominantly inland near bodies of water. It can be seen on muddy surfaces, at pools, ditches, canals and rivers. It is a cultural successor and is particularly common in extensive irrigated fields, but can also be observed in grassy or stony wasteland.
Red-flapped lapwing are predominantly resident birds with only short migrations in dry seasons or after rainfall. The small number of breeding birds in Turkmenistan, on the other hand, are migratory birds that overwinter in Afghanistan or Pakistan and return to Turkmenistan in the second half of April. Little information is available regarding the inventory figures. In the south of Iran, the red-raped lapwing is a widespread and common bird. The species may benefit from the increasing use of artificial irrigation in Iranian agriculture. In Iraq, populations presumably decreased dramatically after wetlands were drained on a large scale in the 1990s.
Way of life
Red-raped lapwings forage for food mainly during the night. They mainly eat bottom-dwelling invertebrates such as beetles, ants, grasshoppers and termites. Mollusks, worms and crustaceans are also included.
The nests are usually built directly on the ground and are usually located near the water. The shallow nesting trough is often laid out with small stones or other material. The clutch consists of three to four eggs. These are leather-colored with a yellowish or greenish tinge and have black-brown spots and speckles. Both parent birds breed, but the female has the greater proportion of the brood. The incubation period is 26 days.
literature
- Peter Colston , Philip Burton: Limicolen - All European wader species, identifiers, flight images, biology, distribution. BlV Verlagsgesellschaft, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-405-13647-4
- Simon Delany, Derek Scott, Tim Dodman, David Stroud (Eds.): An Atlas of Wader Populations in Africa and Western Eurasia. Wetlands International , Wageningen 2009, ISBN 978-90-5882-047-1
- Collin Harrison and Peter Castell: Fledglings, Eggs and Nests of Birds in Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. Aula Verlag, Wiebelsheim 2004, ISBN 3-89104-685-5
Web links
- Vanellus indicus in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2008. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2008. Accessed January 31 of 2009.
- Videos, photos and sound recordings for Vanellus indicus in the Internet Bird Collection