Rottberg
| Rottberg | ||
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 Former Rottberg School |
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| height | 218 m | |
| location | Velbert , Niederbergisches Land , North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany | |
| Coordinates | 51 ° 21 '37 " N , 7 ° 4' 19" E | |
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The Rottberg , also called Krähenberg, is an elevation 218 meters above sea level south of the Ruhr in the area of the city of Velbert . Until today it is mainly used for agriculture.
history
In the late Middle Ages and in the early modern period, the Rottberg was the core of a farming community of the same name in the Hardenberg domain . This was lifted in 1808. Until 1929 the Rottberg farmers belonged to the Neviges mayor , and since then to Velbert . The Willinghaus farm on the Rottberg (first mentioned in 890 as Willinghuson) has a Saxon name ending.
Were widespread in Bergisch Land , the "rear and side schools," which by the peasantry were built together and entertained. The farmers gave up a rather unusable piece of land, some oak beams and the clay that was found on the building site. This is how the first school buildings came into being. Until then, lessons were only possible in the church schools in Langenberg and Velbert . That was too far for the children of the remote farmers, who now took their own initiative, against whom the Baron von Hardenberg issued a mandate in 1694. In 1709 and 1722 there were again bans, but without lasting success. The elementary education system in the Bergisches Land was very progressive if you consider that in Prussia the general compulsory schooling was established in 1717 , and only found its conclusion in 1919 in the Weimar constitution . The well-to-do farmers also took turns providing food for the teachers, who complained about their otherwise poor pay. On the remote Rottberg, regular lessons in a half-timbered house on the Winnacker do not begin until 1777 . In 1840 a quarry stone building was added and expanded in 1913. All buildings of the Rottberger Schule are still standing today. With the introduction of school buses in 1968, the era of small country schools ended.
Night glow system in World War II
In the center of the Rottberg, the Luftwaffe operated a night light system , called Scheindorf, from 1941–1944 , which was a simplified replica of the Krupp cast steel factory , one of the largest armaments factories in the German Reich . The bogus system attracted a considerable part of the bombing raids on the sparsely populated Rottberg, but there it was a considerable danger for the surrounding courtyards. The mock system consisted of a multitude of dummies of industrial systems such as shed roofs , gasometers , chimneys or a railway traveling on an endless loop. Today only the guide bunker remains. Based on the research of the volunteer employees of the LVR office for soil monument preservation in the Rhineland , the lead bunker was added to the list of monuments of the city of Velbert in 2013. On the day of the open monument on September 8, 2013 it was presented under the motto "Beyond the good and the beautiful: Inconvenient monuments?" first made available to the public.
traffic
The Langenberg motorway exit of the federal motorway 44 is on the Rottberg . The Krähenberger Kreuz was to be built here, a link between the A 44, B 227 and K 23. The continuation of the A44 in the direction of Bochum and Dortmund was deleted from the federal traffic route plan in 2003 .
Failed projects
Far-reaching construction projects were to be implemented on the Rottberg, such as backfilling the Asbach Valley to the east with household waste (failed in 1980), building a fun pool or a Bundesliga stadium (discarded in 2000), building a motorway junction (withdrawn in 2003), and expanding the adjacent one to the west Röbbeck industrial area (failed in 2005) or the construction of a spacious amusement park with factory outlet center , called Sportal (no investor since 2005) for which the city of Velbert has already bought land and made high planning expenses.
literature
- Jürgen Lohbeck: The forgotten Scheindorf in Velbert. The Krupp night glow system on the Rottberg during World War II 1941–1945 . Scala Verlag, Velbert 2012, ISBN 978-3-9813898-6-9 . (Short version)
- Elke Janßen-Schnabel: The sham village of the Krupp works . In: Preservation of monuments in the Rhineland, 30th year No. 4 - 4th quarter of 2013, LVR - Office for Soil Monument Preservation in the Rhineland, 2013, ISSN 0177-2619 .
- Jürgen Lohbeck: The war on our doorstep - events, experiences, fates in World War II in Velbert, Langenberg and the surrounding area . Scala Verlag, Velbert 2013, ISBN 978-3-9813898-9-0 . (Short version)
- Dr. Helmut Grau, Jürgen Lohbeck, Josef Johannes Niedworok and Sven Polkläser: Forgotten buildings of deception of the Second World War - the Krupp night light system in Velbert . In: Archeology in the Rhineland 2013, LVR - Office for Ground Monument Preservation in the Rhineland in cooperation with the Roman-Germanic Museum of the City of Cologne, Theiss Verlag, 2014, ISBN 978-3-8062-2986-8 .
- Dr. Wiebke Hoppe: Krupp night glow system, Mettmann district . In: Archaeological War Relics in the Rhineland, LVR - Office for Land Monument Preservation in the Rhineland in collaboration with the Rhenish Association for Monument Preservation and Landscape Protection, Klartext Verlag, 2014, ISBN 978-3-8375-1323-3 .
- Dr. Helmut Grau, Jürgen Lohbeck, Sven Polkläser: The Krupp night light system in Velbert . Scala Verlag, Velbert 2017, ISBN 978-3-9816362-8-4 . (Short version)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ "Cast steel factory" bombed on the Rottberg. on: lokalkompass.de September 15, 2012.