Rotylenchus robustus
| Rotylenchus robustus | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Rotylenchus robustus | ||||||||||||
| ( de man , 1876) Filip'ev , 1936 |
Rotylenchus robustus is a type of roundworm (Nematoda). It is a plant parasite thateatsas an ectoparasite on the roots of the host plants.
description
Adult female nematodes of the species are between 1.2 and 1.8 millimeters long. Males stay a little shorter and reach lengths of 1.0 to 1.3 millimeters. When the muscles are relaxed, the males are C-shaped, whereas the females are usually spiraling and are rarely C-shaped.
The cuticle is clearly streaked. The clearly developed, lance-shaped spike, about 46 micrometers long, is striking. It is used to pierce the wall of the host plant and then suck on the injured area.
The females have a transverse, indented vulva with two branches of gonads that run in both directions. The epitygma , the vulvar valve, is short and two-ply. The posterior end of the worm is rounded and clearly curled, with 8 to 17 rings from the anus to the middle of the terminus. Males have a clearly recognizable, indented bursa copulatrix .
Life cycle
The first molt occurs in the egg, from which the young hatch after 14 to 16 days. The second moult takes place at 23 ° C after about 100 days. Now male and female individuals can be distinguished by the developing gonads and body length. After another 50 days, a third moult takes place.
distribution and habitat
The species is widespread in Europe and North America. Rotylenchus robustus prefers sandy soils. The species survives on fallow land for up to six months, with a mortality rate of less than 50%. Individuals die at temperatures below 13 ° C, and develop best between 18.5 ° C and 24 ° C.
Systematics
A molecular genetic investigation from 2008 revealed a close relationship to Rotylenchus uniformis with which the species forms a clade within the genus.
meaning
The host range of Rotylenchus robustus is very broad. A wide variety of trees, grasses and crops are attacked. The damage is significant in peas ( Pisum sativum ), where the species causes root rot, in carrots ( Daucus carota ) and lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ). The bulbs of lilies ( Lilium ) are also regularly infested.
If Fusarium oxysporum is also present , the nematode species favors the spread of the fungus.
swell
literature
- WM Wouts, D. Sturhan: Descriptions of Rotylenchus species from New Zealand, including R. labiodiscus sp. n. (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae) . In: New Zealand Journal of Zoology . tape 26 , no. 4 , 1999, p. 395-404 , doi : 10.1080 / 03014223.1999.9518202 (English, pdf ).
Web links
- Rotylenchus robustus. In: Nemaplex. University of California, accessed June 18, 2010 .
- Rotylenchus robustus. Wageningen University, accessed June 18, 2010 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Nicola Vovlas, Sergei A. Subbotin, Alberto Troccolo, Gacia Liébanas, Pablo Castillo: Molecular phylogeny of the genus Rotylenchus (Nematoda, Tylenchida) and description of a new species . In: Zoologica Scripta . tape 37 , no. 5 , September 2008, p. 521-537 , doi : 10.1111 / j.1463-6409.2008.00337.x (English, pdf ).