Southeastern leaf snail

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Southeastern leaf snail
Southeastern leaf snail (Monachoides vicinus)

Southeastern leaf snail ( Monachoides vicinus )

Systematics
Superfamily : Helicoidea
Family : Tree slugs (Hygromiidae)
Subfamily : Hygromiinae
Tribe : Perforatellini
Genre : Monachoides
Type : Southeastern leaf snail
Scientific name
Monachoides vicinus
( Rossmässler , 1842)
Empty shell of the southeastern leaf snail

The south-eastern leaf snail ( Monachoides vicinus ), also known as the Carpathian leaf snail, is a species of snail from the family of leaf snails (Hygromiidae) from the order of land snails (Stylommatophora).

Love arrow

features

The right-hand wound, spherical case measures 8.5 to 11.5 mm in height and 12 to 16 mm in width when fully grown. The thread is conical, the height varies somewhat. There are 5.3 to 7 (mostly 5.5 to 6.5) arched turns, which are separated from one another by a shallow to moderately deep seam. The outer line of the turns is convex. The mouth is transverse in cross section. The edge of the mouth is bent back, especially at the base and spindle edge. A strong, whitish lip is formed on the inside, which stands out clearly from the color of the housing. A bumpy thickening often forms at the base. The very narrow or almost non-existent navel is more or less completely covered by the folded mouth seam.

The translucent housing is almost whitish, light yellowish to light horn brown in color. The last turn has a slightly lighter band of different widths on the periphery. The surface has a dull sheen and is covered by a fine, regular pattern, consisting of small, elongated and radially arranged, scale-like tubercles, about 35 pieces per square millimeter. The distances correspond approximately to the length of the tubercles. This pattern crosses with very fine growth stripes.

The soft body is yellowish with black spots that shine through the housing. In the male tract, the hermaphroditic genitalia has a slightly twisted sperm duct (vas deferens) which opens into the comparatively short epiphallus. The epiphallus is usually only shorter than the worm-shaped flagellum, very rarely also slightly longer or the same length. The almost cylindrical penis is comparatively very long, about the same length as the epiphallus. Most specimens have a kink, or two kinks, in the penis that are held in place by muscle cords. The penile retractor muscle attaches to the distal area of ​​the epiphallus. The genital atrium is very short. The vagina, on the other hand, is very long, three to four times longer than the free fallopian tube. The very large, finger-shaped arrow sack (stylophor) sits roughly in the middle. This contains only one love arrow . It is slightly curved with a central canal. It has no crown and is rounded in the lower part with a smooth top. Seven longitudinal furrows form from the middle. The two lateral longitudinal strips are widened towards the tip and form the blade. Between the point of attachment of the arrow sack and the branch of the spermathec there are usually two groups of glandulae mucosae on the vagina, each of which divides into two to three arms. The stalk of the spermatheca is long, the elongated bladder lies against the egg ladder.

Similar species

Although the height of the conical thread varies in the southeastern leaf snail, in the reddish leaf snail ( Monachoides incarnatus ) it is always lower. The latter has an open umbilicus and a finer mesh pattern (120 fish-scale-like tubercles against 35 per square millimeter). This pattern is typical for this species, even shell fragments can still be clearly assigned to this species. The southeastern leaf snail usually prefers humid habitats than the reddish leaf snail.

Geographical distribution and habitat

The distribution area of ​​the southeastern leaf snail extends from southern Poland, over the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary to Serbia, Romania, western Ukraine and northern Ukraine. In Germany there is a completely isolated occurrence in Franconian Switzerland (between Scheßlitz , Pegnitz and Altdorf near Nuremberg ).

The habitat of the southeastern leaf snail are moist mountain forests, mostly above 700 m above sea level, near bodies of water or swampy places. They live there in the leaf litter and in or under dead wood.

Taxonomy

The taxon was proposed as Helix vicina by Emil Adolf Rossmässler in 1838 . It is now assigned to the genus Monachoides Gude & Woodward, 1921.

Danger

The species is classified as extremely rare in the red list of internal mollusks (snails (Gastropoda) and mussels (Bivalvia)) in Germany. Overall, it is not endangered in terms of its distribution area.

supporting documents

literature

  • Alexandru V. Grossu: Gastropoda Romaniae 2 Subclasa Pulmonata I Ordo Basommatophora II Ordo Stylommatophora Suprafamiliile: Succinacea, Cochlicopacea, Pupillacea. 443 S., Bucharest 1987 (pp. 312-313).
  • Michael P. Kerney, RAD Cameron & Jürgen H. Jungbluth: The land snails of Northern and Central Europe. 384 pp., Paul Parey, Hamburg & Berlin 1983, ISBN 3-490-17918-8 (p. 258)
  • Ewa Pawłowska-Banasiak: Shell, genital and color variation in Perforatella incarnata (OF Müller, 1774) and P. vicina (Rossmässler, 1842) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Helicidae). Folia Malacologica, 16 (2): 89-99, 2008 PDF .
  • Francisco W. Welter-Schultes: European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification = identification book for European land and freshwater mollusks. A1-A3 S., 679 S., Q1-Q78 S., Planet Poster Ed., Göttingen 2012, ISBN 3-933922-75-5 , ISBN 978-3-933922-75-5 (hereinafter Welter-Schultes, Identification book, page number)
  • Vollrath Wiese: Germany's land snails. 352 p., Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2014 ISBN 978-3-494-01551-4 (hereinafter meadow, land snails, page number)

On-line

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Rosina Fechter and Gerhard Falkner: Mollusks. 287 p., Mosaik-Verlag, Munich 1990 (Steinbach's Nature Guide 10), ISBN 3-570-03414-3 (p. 214)
  2. ^ Alexandru V. Grossu: Gastropoda Romaniae 4 Ordo Stylommatophora Suprafam: Arionacea, Zonitacea, Ariophantacea şi Helicacea. 564 pp., Bucharest 1983 (pp. 451/2).
  3. ↑ Igor Balashov, Nina Gural-Sverlova: An annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs of Ukraine. 'Journal of Conchology, 41 (1): 91-109, 2012.
  4. ↑ Igor Balashov: Terrestrial Mollusks (Gastropoda) of the Slovechansko-Ovrutsky Ridge (Zhytomyr region, Northern Ukraine). Vestnik zoologii, 46 (6): 491-497, 2012 PDF
  5. ^ Emil Adolf Rossmässler: Iconography of the land and freshwater mollusks, with special consideration of the European species not yet shown. (1) 2. Issue 7/8: [1-4], 1-44, Issue 9/10: [1-4], 1-66, Issue 11: [1-4], 1-15, Issue 12 : [1-4], 1-37, Pl. 31–60, Dresden, Leipzig, Arnold, 1838-1844. (Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org) Issue 11, page 3 Fig. 689
  6. ↑ Fauna Europaea
  7. ↑ a b Wiese, Landschnecken, p. 277.
  8. ↑ Welter-Schultes, Identification Book, p. 552.
  9. ↑ Feher, Z. 2013. Monachoides vicinus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013: e.T157023A5033661. doi : 10.2305 / IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T157023A5033661.en . Retrieved October 4, 2015

Web links

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