Salvatore Dal Negro
Salvatore Dal Negro (born November 12, 1768 in Venice , † January 31, 1839 in Padua ) was an Italian clergyman and physicist. He came from a humble background and studied theology at the Patriarchal Seminary in Murano . In 1791 he was ordained a priest and went to Padua to study law there. Although he graduated with the Laurea in utroque iure in 1796, his interests had meanwhile turned to physics, which he heard from the experimental physicist Simone Stratico in addition to his law studies . He worked at Stratico, even though he briefly taught philosophy after graduating from Laurea. After Straticos was forced to resign, he was first assistant, then lecturer in experimental physics and, from 1803 to 1805, also for geometry at the University of Padua .
In 1806 the Napoleonic government appointed him professor of mechanics and experimental physics, and in 1817 the appointment was confirmed by the Austrian emperor. Dal Negro was interested in electrical and electromechanical phenomena. From 1831 he experimented with electromagnets and from 1832 with battery-electric locomotives . He built an electric motor that could lift 180 grams by one meter in one minute. (It was during this time that Hippolyte Pixii also constructed his alternator.)
Dal Negro also invented the oligochronometer in 1809 , an instrument with which one can precisely measure the smallest fractions of time.
Since 1794 he was a member of the Academy of Padua, in 1835 he was admitted to the Accademia dei XL , then in Modena , today's Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze. Along with other learned societies, he was also a member of the Accademia Virgiliana in Mantua . In 1838 Emperor Ferdinand I awarded him the Order of the Iron Crown .
Publications
- Nuove esperienze ed osservazioni elettro-magnetiche ; Padua, 1831
- New Experiments relative to the Action of Magnetism on Electro-dynamic Spirals, and a Description of a new Electromotive Battery ; 1832
- Nouvelles Experiences relatives à l'action du Magnétisme sur les spirales électro- dynamiques.
- New experiments on the effect of electromagnetism ... ; ( Online in Journal of Physics and Allied Sciences )
- Second series of experiments to confirm the effect of the circumference on the metal plates of the voltaic chain ; 1834
Giovanni Colombini (ed.): La fisica a Padova nell'800: le opere di Salvatore Dal Negro nel campo dell'elettricità . Preface by Gian Antonio Salandin. Padova 1994
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Negro, Salvatore dal . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 20th part. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1869, pp. 133–135 ( digitized version ).
- Giovanni Colombini: Dal Negro, Salvatore. In: Massimiliano Pavan (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 32: Dall'Anconata – Da Ronco. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1986.
- Giovanni Colombini: Salvatore Dal Negro ; In: Professori di materie scientifiche all'Università di Padova nell'Ottocento ; 1986, 1996
Web links
- Publications by Salvatore Dal Negro in the Opac des Servizio bibliotecario nazionale
- "Giornale Arcadico di Scienze / Lettere ed Arti"
- M. Faraday's comments on his experiment ; at uni-jena.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ POC Vorsselmann de Heer: About the electromagnetism as a moving force. In: Annals of Physics and Chemistry. 123, 1839, pp. 76-101, doi : 10.1002 / andp.18391230505 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Dal Negro, Salvatore |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian physicist and professor of mechanics and experimental physics |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 12, 1768 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Venice |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 31, 1839 |
| Place of death | Padua |