Synagogue (Salzburg)
The Salzburg Synagogue is a Jewish prayer house in the provincial capital Salzburg in Austria and has existed since 1901. After the Second World War it was repaired by returned Salzburgers of Jewish faith and former Jewish refugees from the eastern regions and reopened in 1968.
Emergence
The construction of the Salzburg synagogue goes back to an initiative of the Bohemian factory owner Ignaz Glaser , who settled in the Bürmoos community from 1881 and founded the local glass production. Glaser made considerable financial resources available for the construction of the temple as early as 1891, but found no support from the responsible authorities. Only when the Jewish citizens of Salzburg started to help themselves and Professor Gottlieb Winkler bought a small piece of land in Lasserstrasse (on the border between Neustadt and Schallmoos ) as a private person , did the authorities open up. After the Jewish prayer house was set back a few meters away from the street in accordance with the requirements, the inauguration could be celebrated before the Jewish New Year in 1901.
The Jewish community of Salzburg then consisted of around 200 people. This small number can also be explained by the multiple expulsion of Jews from Salzburg (the last 4 Jews of the city of Salzburg in the early modern period were expelled in 1498). Residents of the Jewish faith were able to resettle in Salzburg under Archbishop Colloredo around 1785 (equal rights since 1791), but as early as 1813, under Bavarian rule, Jews were again denied land acquisition. In the Austrian monarchy, equality for Jews could only be achieved through the constitutional law of 1867. With the k. u. k. In 1901, the court antiquarian Albert Pollak was also the first Jew to be granted citizenship of the city of Salzburg on the basis of this law in 1867 , at the inauguration ceremony of the Salzburg synagogue.
National Socialism and Reconstruction
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During the reign of the National Socialists , the synagogue was desecrated and considerably damaged in the November pogrom in 1938, as was the Jewish cemetery in Aigen later . During this time, more than 230 Jewish Salzburg residents lost their belongings, their ancestral homeland and, in many cases, their lives. The Jewish prayer house was forcibly sold to the Salzburg police for 20,000 Reichsmarks , which were never paid to the religious community .
After 1945 the few Salzburg Jews as well as many of the thousands of refugees from the eastern regions set about rebuilding the destroyed synagogue. The final completion could only be made possible by a generous donation from the Jewish side. Finally, in 1968 the synagogue was inaugurated again with a festival in which Salzburg's governor Hans Lechner , mayor Alfred Bäck, and the Catholic archbishop and the evangelical bishop also took part.
Centenary in 2001
At the celebration of the centenary of the house of prayer in 2001, Thomas Klestil , the Austrian Federal President, was present in the synagogue for the first time . Today the Jewish community in the state of Salzburg consists of almost 50 members, and services are held several times a year in the synagogue on Lasserstraße.
Web links
Coordinates: 47 ° 48 '28 " N , 13 ° 3' 0.7" E