Samuel Johann Pauli
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Samuel Johann Pauli (born April 13, 1766 Vechigen near Bern , † 1821 in London , England), also known there as Jean Samuel Pauly. Son of Johannes, Wagner and blacksmith , and Veronika Pulver. Like his compatriots and colleagues Joseph Egg and Urs Egg , he was an innovative gunsmith and airship designer in France and England and made several sustainable inventions in weapons technology .
Life
Pauli invented a new type of carriage axle at a young age. As field warden of the Helvetic Republic , he dealt with plans to equip the artillery . In 1802 he went to Paris and held the rank of colonel there. From 1803 to 1814 he worked there as an airship designer and gunsmith. He dealt with the firing mechanism of handguns and, together with François Prélat, made a novel invention by placing the fiery mercury for ignition in the same container as the powder and the projectile, the basic principle of modern cartridges . During this time the later inventor of the needle gun , Johann Nikolaus von Dreyse , also worked in his workshops. 1812 Pauli obtained the patent for a breech-loading rifle with a pivotable upwards block clutch, missed the metal cartridges. This is considered an important invention in the field of handguns in the early 19th century . Pauli's developments were way ahead of their time and were only used on a significant scale decades later.
After the fall of Paris in 1814, Pauli emigrated to London, where he continued to work on the development of firearms and airships for Urs Egg (known there as Durs Egg) in his workshop . The cartridge developed by Pauli was further developed in 1835 by the French Casimir Lefaucheux , who had worked in the Pauli workshops for years. Pauli also tried less successfully as a designer of dirigible airships and died in great poverty.
Pauli and the Egg family made important inventions individually and together and shaped the development of firearms far from their homeland.
literature
- Th. Olivier: Report on a carbine that can be loaded from the chamber. In: Polytechnisches Journal . 58, 1835, pp. 142-145.
- The federal government of May 25, June 1 and June 8, 1996
- HR sword: Samuel Johann Pauli. (1766-1821) , in Schweizer Pioneers der Wirtschaft und Technik 63, 1996, 26–37
- Gérard Henrotin: Les Fusils de chasse à percussion et à broche expliqués , éditions H&L HLebooks.com, 2010
- Roger Pauly: Firearms: The Life Story Of A Technology , pp. 94 ff., 2004. ISBN 978-0-313-32796-4
Web links
- Patent from Joseph Egg from 1835
- List of expired English patents. In: Polytechnisches Journal . 32, 1829, Miszelle 2, pp. 299-312. (Patents from Urs Egg and Samuel Pauli “on certain air carts and vehicles that are driven by physical, chemical or mechanical means, which driving forces can also be used to drive Bothe or other vehicles through the water, and carts on the land . ")
- Thomas Fuchs: Pauli, Samuel Johann. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Individual evidence
- ^ "Johannes Samuel Pauly, also known as Jean Samuel or Samuel John, born near Bern in 1766" in the English Encyclopedia of Firearms - Page 225 by Harold Leslie Peterson
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Pauli, Samuel Johann |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Pauly, Jean Samuel |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Gunsmith and inventor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 13, 1766 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Vechigen |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1821 |
| Place of death | London |