Samuel Tuke

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Samuel Tuke

Samuel Tuke (born July 31, 1784 in York , England , † October 14, 1857 ) was a Quaker , philanthropist and reformer of psychiatric institutions in England.

Life and family

Tuke was born into a Quaker family. He was the son of Henry Tuke and the grandson of William Tuke , who founded the York Retreat. Samuel Tuke's sons James Hack Tuke and Daniel Hack Tuke were also active in humanitarian affairs. The institution York Retreat exists today, serving the mental health care of the population of York and the surrounding area.

Samuel Tuke was buried in the Quaker cemetery within the hospital grounds.

plant

Tuke has done a tremendous amount to improve conditions in the insane asylums , with a particular focus on the York Retreat . He described the treatment methods that were used there in his book “Description of the Retreat”.

In Description of the Retreat , Tuke describes the retreat methods as Moral Treatment , which in French psychiatry was called traitement Moral . His references come from Jean-Baptiste Pussin (1746–1811) and Philippe Pinel from France, who related more to morality in the sense of feelings and self-respect, but not to morality in the sense of right and wrong. Samuel Tuke's other works are Practical Hints on the Construction and Economy of Pauper Lunatic Asylums  (1815).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Samuel Tuke: Description of the Retreat . Process Press, London 1996 [1813], ISBN 1-899209-04-2 .