San Pantaleo (Dolianova)
San Pantaleo is a former cathedral in Dolianova in the province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia . It is the co- cathedral of the Archdiocese of Cagliari .
Building history
Between 1160 and 1170, builders who had previously worked in Santa Giusta began building the Cathedral of the Diocese of Dolia . But they broke off their work before the height of the eaves was reached. Apart from unsuitable attempts to advance the work, the construction remained unfinished for about 100 years.
When Arab craftsmen arrived from Spain, the three-aisled floor plan, the structure of the pilaster strips on the walls and the lower part of the facade were fixed in their basic forms. The Arabic style was therefore only able to prevail in the decoration of the Romanesque building, especially in the blind arch friezes, the nasal arches of which sit on high consoles that are richly decorated with leaves, strange heads and geometric shapes (such as concertina bellows ). Almost without exception, the arch stones are so richly decorated with flowers, circles, crosses, moons, stars or primitive human figures that one might think they were carved out of wood.
Where the form of the pilaster strips was not predetermined (e.g. under the central gable), they were not designed to be rectangular and smooth, but rather strongly modeled, like towers made of pillars on top of each other. The outer shape of the bell tower with the large, slightly pointed arched windows is closely based on the Lombard campanile of Santa Maria di Castello in Genoa . On the blind arches, however, the Mudejar style comes into play again (evident in the lower windows, which are framed in the manner of Islamic stalactite arches).
The bas-relief of a snake in the midst of amphibians and marsh plants, which dominates the architrave of the main portal, was probably made by an Arab stonemason; the basic form of the portals, however, is Tuscan . Inside, three masonry cross pillars from the beginning of construction show that a vaulted ceiling was planned at least for the side aisles. The Arab builders, who were certainly not as technically skilled as their predecessors, spanned the pillars with very high, remarkably narrow wall arches and preferred a simple beamed ceiling for the entire church.
It is unclear whether the three gothic-shaped bundle pillars were perhaps created by French craftsmen before the arrival of the Arab builders, or whether they were only added at the beginning of the 14th century. Noteworthy are their French capitals, which bear the typically Gothic creeping flowers, here very bulbous in shape. Occasionally there are funny depictions, including a nativity scene with two angels, the long-bearded Joseph and Mary floating horizontally above the manger. With the Mudejar style, which by the end of the 13th century quickly spread over numerous other, mostly insignificant churches (e.g. San Pietro in Villamar, San Michele in Siddi, Santa Barbara near Sassari, Santa Maria di Betlem and the bell tower of San Nicola in Sassari), the fondness for majolica medallions revived. Gothic and Arabic forms of expression met in these churches without being able to cross the threshold from decorative style to architectural style. The partly local builders basically continued to create Romanesque churches. The introduction of Gothic as an architectural style on the island was reserved for builders from the mainland.
literature
- Rainer Pauli: Sardinia. History culture landscape. Voyages of discovery on one of the most beautiful islands in the Mediterranean . 7th edition. DuMont, Cologne 1990, ISBN 3-7701-1368-3 , ( DuMont documents. DuMont art travel guide ).
Web links
- Information on SardegnaCultura (Italian)
- Information on Comune Dolianova (Italian)
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 39 ° 22 ′ 53.3 " N , 9 ° 10 ′ 25.6" E