Santa Olaia
Santa Olaia (also Santa Eulália ) is an Iron Age settlement, east of Figueira da Foz in Portugal .
The chapel of Santa Olaia is located on a low rise in Quinhendros. The connecting road cuts through the Iron Age settlement. Their remains are to the right of the road and on the hill on which the chapel stands. In 1991 the place was classified and placed under legal protection.
The hill of Santa Olaia in the floodplain of the Mondego and the Rio Foja was a popular settlement site, as is attested by finds from the Paleolithic to the Middle Ages . Presumably in prehistoric times a now silted up bay reached as far as the vicinity of the hill.
The remains of the Iron Age settlements stand out among the archaeological finds. During the excavations in 1992 and 1993, the remains of a sizable Iron Age "industrial area" and a city wall were found. A gate 1.8 m wide could be seen in the wall. In order to enable settlement of the wetland, a subsoil of dense layers of stone had been piled up. The houses with their hearths were built on this. The furnaces were used for metallurgy , as evidenced by slag residues, pieces of lead and other things.
According to I. Pereira, the presence of Phoenicians is confirmed by finds from the 9th century BC. BC, primarily fibulae , are documented, but the ceramic forms of the 7th and 6th centuries BC predominate . At the end of the 5th and beginning of the 4th century BC Santa Olaia was either abandoned or lost its importance. A few fragments of Attic ceramics date from this period .
The archaeologist António dos Santos Rocha (1853–1910) from Figueira carried out the first excavations here, his and later finds are in the Museu Municipal Santos Rocha in Figueira da Foz.
literature
- Isabel Pereira: Barris de Santa Olaia . In: Otto Herman Frey (Hrsg.): Festschrift for Wilhelm Schüle for his 60th birthday . Presented by students and friends. Leidorf, Buch am Erlberg 1991, ISBN 3-924734-02-X , pp. 237-243 ( International Archeology 1), ( Publications of the Prehistoric Seminar Marburg Special Volume 6).
- Isabel Pereira: Santa Olaia . In: Jorge de Alarcão (ed.): De Ulisses a Viriato. O primeiro milénio a. C. Ministério de Estado da Cultura - Instituto Português de Museus - Museu Nacional de Arqueologia, Lisbon 1996, ISBN 972-8137-39-7 , pp. 60–65 (exhibition catalog).
- Raquel Vilaça: Subsídios para o estudo da Pré-história recente do Baixo Mondego . Instituto Português do Património Cultural, Lisbon 1988, ISBN 972-9374-04-X .
- Memórias e Explorações Arqueológicas - Vol. II - Estações Pré-Romanas da Idade do Ferro nas Vizinhanças da Figueira, Biblioteca Geral da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra 1971 ISBN 978-0000064233
- Memórias e Explorações Arqueológicas - Vol. III - Memórias sobre a Antiguidade, Biblioteca Geral da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra 1975 ISBN 9780000064240
- Thomas G. Schattner (Ed.): Archaeological guide through Portugal (= cultural history of the ancient world . Vol. 74). Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1998, ISBN 3-8053-2313-1 p. 103
Coordinates: 40 ° 10 ′ 43.6 " N , 8 ° 41 ′ 49.2" W.
Web links
- The ruins
- Santa Olaia Chapel
- Site of the Museu Municipal (port.)
- Official status (port.) (PDF; 778 kB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from January 21, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
