Redhead tree rat
| Redhead tree rat | ||||||||||||
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Redhead tree rat ( Santamartamys rufodorsalis ) |
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Santamartamys | ||||||||||||
| Emmons , 2005 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Santamartamys rufodorsalis | ||||||||||||
| ( Allen , 1899) |
The redhead tree rat ( Santamartamys rufodorsalis , syn .: Isothrix rufodorsalis , Diplomys rufodorsalis ) is a rodent from the family of the spiny rats (Echimyidae). The species had not been detected in the field since 1898 and was rediscovered in 2011.
features
Until 2011, only two individuals were known, one of which had been measured. This adult male had a total length of 45.7 cm, 26.7 cm being accounted for by the more than body-long and powerful tail. The ear length was 12 mm, the very short and wide hind feet were 35 mm long. The facial skull is very short. The eyes are strikingly large in adaptation to the nocturnal lifestyle. The fur is very soft, dense and long.
The species is very strikingly colored. On the upper side the animals are intensely red-brown, the flanks and also the sides of the head are lighter yellowish red-brown and the underside is gray. There is some hair with black tips on the top of the head and neck. The small ears are hairless on the outside, on the inside the auricles have numerous long hairs. The tail is very hairy, the three fifths close to the body are black, the rest of the tail is sharply set off white.
Systematics
As part of a revision of the tree-dwelling genus of the spiny rats , the species was placed in its own genus Santamartamys in 2005 .
Distribution, existence and endangerment
The holotype of the species was collected in 1898 in the isolated Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta mountain range in northeast Colombia , and another specimen that cannot be precisely dated before 1913 in the same area. On May 4, 2011, another specimen was found in the El Dorado Nature Reserve in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta after 113 years. The species could be identified from photos. The previous evidence was made in moist forests of the upper tropical to lower montane altitude range. The IUCN has classified the redhead tree rat as critically endangered due to its probably very small population, its very small distribution area and the likely very strong habitat fragmentation . For a reliable assessment of the endangerment, information would be necessary on the extent to which the species can survive in degraded forests or forests that have been disturbed by logging.
swell
Individual evidence
- ^ Joel A. Allen: New Rodents from Colombia and Venezuela. In: Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. Vol. 12, 1899, pp. 195-218, here p. 197.
- ^ Louise H. Emmons: A Revision of the Genera of Arboreal Echimyidae (Rodentia: Echimyidae, Echimyinae), With Descriptions of Two New Genera. In: Eileen A. Lacey, Philip Myers (Eds.): Mammalian Diversification. From Chromosomes to Phylogeography. (A Celebration of the Career of James L. Patton) (= University of California Publications in Zoology. Vol. 133). University of California Press, Berkeley CA et al. 2005, ISBN 0-520-09853-6 , i-vii and pp. 1–383, here pp. 247-310.
literature
- Joel A. Allen: New Rodents from Colombia and Venezuela. In: Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. Vol. 12, 1899, ISSN 0003-0090 , pp. 195-218. online (PDF; 1.94 MB) .
- Thiemo Braasch, Roland Wirth and Karin Osbahr (2011): The game of hide and seek is over. After 113 years, the redhead tree rat has reappeared. In: ZGAP-Mitteilungen 1/2011 online
- Elizabe Noble, Simo McKeown, Wes Sechrest: Rediscovery of the Santa Marta Toro Santamartamys rufodorsalis (Rodentia: Echimyidae), after 113 years, with notes on all three known records and the species' conservation needs in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. In: Conservación Colombiana. No. 15, October 2011, ISSN 1900-1592 , pp. 40–43, online (PDF; 1.3 MB) ( Memento from December 16, 2011 in the Internet Archive ).
- Paúl M. Velazco ; Laura M. Vargas; Héctor E. Ramírez-Chaves: Santamartamys rufodorsalis (Rodentia: Echimyidae). Mammalian Species 49 (948), Jul 20, 2017; Pp. 63-67. doi : 10.1093 / mspecies / sex006
Web links
- Santamartamys rufodorsalis in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2011. Posted by: Patterson, B. & Lacher, T., 2011. Accessed December 14, 2012th
