Oxygen cylinder

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A modern aluminum 2 liter oxygen bottle (filling pressure 200 bar) with an integrated pressure reducer, volume limiter, filling manometer and transport bracket (for hospital beds )

The oxygen cylinder is a gas cylinder filled with oxygen . The pressure in a full cylinder is usually 200  bar , but systems with 300 bar are also available. It is available in different sizes, the most common in the rescue service being the 2- liter , 5-liter and 10-liter bottles. 10, 20 and 50 liter bottles are used in industrial applications.

In Europe, according to the EURO standard DIN EN 1089-3, the bottle shoulder is to be designed white , out of date or temporarily also blue for technical as well as medical (also mixed e.g. with helium or carbon dioxide) applications . In addition, dangerous goods notices must be attached.

Amount of content

The amount of gas in the bottle can be roughly calculated using the thermal equation of state of ideal gases . Accordingly, for an oxygen cylinder with a filling volume of 2 liters at a filling pressure of 200 bar, for example, the content would correspond to 400 liters of oxygen at an ambient pressure of 1 bar.

safety

Danger comes from the high gas pressure (200 bar), which, if not handled properly, can lead to an explosion of the cylinder (in the past, the oxygen cylinder was also known as an oxygen bomb). Pure oxygen has a strong oxidizing effect, its concentration is almost 5 times higher than in air. In a pure oxygen atmosphere, some otherwise incombustible materials can burn. Fats can spontaneously ignite in a pure oxygen atmosphere, especially under increased pressure, so it is important to ensure that the threads of the pressure reducer are kept absolutely free of grease.

use

Breathing gas

Bottled oxygen is used in medicine to make breathing easier in patients with respiratory problems (see long-term oxygen therapy ) or to stabilize lung and circulatory functions after a rescue mission. In this sense, oxygen is a medicinal product whose use must always be ordered by a doctor. Another medical application is the acute treatment of cluster headache . When mountaineering at extreme altitudes, oxygen bottles serve as a breathing aid by enriching the diluted high-altitude air with oxygen, as well as during high-altitude flights with aircraft without a pressurized cabin , e.g. B. Gliders . Compressed oxygen is not suitable for breathing underwater because of its toxicity ; either compressed air or a helium-oxygen mixture is used here.

Oxygen cylinders are often mistakenly referred to in connection with scuba diving . However, divers mostly use compressed air cylinders , with air only having an oxygen content of 21%. Breathing pure oxygen would be toxic from a diving depth of more than six meters, as from this depth the partial pressure of oxygen would be above the critical limit of 1.6 bar. The result would be oxygen poisoning .

Technical fields of application

• Autogenous welding
• Oxygen lance

Further execution

There is also a Winkler bottle made of glass named after LW Winkler . It is used to determine the amount of oxygen dissolved in the water. Main article: oximetry

Web links

Commons : Oxygen cylinders  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wiktionary: Oxygen bottle  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

1. ↑ [1] .
2. ↑ Hans Killian : There is only God behind us. Sub umbra dei. A surgeon remembers. Kindler, Munich 1957; here: Licensed edition as Herder paperback (= Herder library. Volume 279). Herder, Freiburg / Basel / Vienna 1975, ISBN 3-451-01779-2 , p. 36.