Acid phosphatase
| Acid phosphatase | ||
|---|---|---|
|
||
| Acid phosphatase tetramer, human according to PDB 1CVI | ||
| Properties of human protein | ||
| Identifier | ||
| Gene names | ACP1 ; ACP2; ACP5; ACPL1; ACPL2; ACPP; ACPT | |
| Enzyme classification | ||
| EC, category | 3.1.3.2 , phosphatase | |
| Response type | Hydrolysis of phosphoric acid (mono) esters | |
| Substrate | Phosphate monoester + H 2 O | |
| Products | Alcohol + phosphate | |
| Occurrence | ||
| Parent taxon | Bilateria | |
Acid phosphatases are enzymes of the group of phosphatases whose pH - optimum is in the acidic (4.5-5.5). They occur in lysosomes and play a crucial role there, especially in apoptosis .
Phosphatases are phosphoric acid esters - splitting hydrolases , in which a distinction is made between alkaline and acidic phosphatases depending on the optimum pH . These simple, acid- and heat-stable enzymes dephosphorylate compounds with high phosphate group transfer potential.
Acid phosphatase has a pH optimum of 4 to 5 and is found in the lysosomes as a key enzyme. In this organelle, the pH value is also in this range, while in the cytoplasm it is around 7 to 7.3.
In the past, the activity of prostate-specific acid phosphatase in serum was determined in suspected prostate cancer . Today it has been replaced in this application by the more sensitive (but less specific ) PSA ( prostate-specific antigen ).
With the help of enzyme histochemistry , acid phosphatase can be detected in preparations. A naphthyl ester, which is converted to a naphthol , is used as the substrate . Coupled with a diazonium salt, a colored diazo dye is created .
Web links
- Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (NC-IUBMB): Enzyme Nomenclature. Recommendations.
- ExPASy: Enzyme nomenclature database
Individual evidence
- ↑ A. Anand, PK Srivastava: A molecular description of acid phosphatase. In: Applied biochemistry and biotechnology. Volume 167, Number 8, August 2012, pp. 2174-2197, ISSN 1559-0291 . doi : 10.1007 / s12010-012-9694-8 . PMID 22684363 .