Scaleby Castle

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Aerial view of Scaleby Castle

Scaleby Castle is a country house and a former castle in the village Scaleby in the English county of Cumbria . The castle was originally built in the early 14th century and then expanded into a strong fortress in the 15th century. During the English Civil War , parliamentary troops attacked and burned the castle twice. It was later rebuilt as a country house.

history

Construction and expansion of the castle

Robert de Tilliol had Scaleby Castle built after 1307 near the village of Scaleby, about 10 km from Carlisle . The Tilliols had been a well-off family in the region since the reign of Henry I and Robert de Tilliol received the land for the construction of the castle from King Edward I. He obtained permission to build a fortified castle (English: License to Crenellate) from King Edward II. The original castle consisted of two groups of buildings connected by a small courtyard. It was protected on both sides by a curtain wall and was surrounded on all sides by an approximately 7.4 meter wide moat and an inner ditch . The latter has been largely destroyed since then.

The male line of the Tilliols died out in 1435; the castle then fell to the Colville family by marriage . They had the whole castle rebuilt and z. B. the Peel Tower , the great hall and the entrance to the castle, including a polygonal barbican . The Peel Tower formed a strong fortress with its floor plan of around 12 meters by 9 meters; it had three floors and thick walls. The Musgrave family bought the castle and Sir Edward Musgrave had the south wing rebuilt in 1596.

Destruction in the civil war

In 1641 the English civil war broke out between the royalist supporters of Charles I and those of Parliament. Sir Edward Musgrave's grandson, also known as Edward , was a staunch royalist. In February 1645 parliamentary troops besieged nearby Carlisle, eventually taking Scaleby Castle and causing considerable damage to the castle. Edward Musgrave had it restored, but took up arms again in 1648 for the king's cause. This time the castle fell immediately into the hands of the parliamentary troops, who set it on fire.

Reconstruction and conversion into a country house

Sir Edward Musgrave had high debts and after the Civil War sold the castle to Richard Gilpin , who had the property restored around 1800. The property remained in the hands of the Gilpins until it fell into disrepair. It was then restored again by Rowland Fawcett , this time as a country house, and purchased by the Standish family.

Today English Heritage has listed Scaleby Castle as a Grade I Historic Building and it is a Scheduled Monument . It is the seat of Oliver Eden, 8th Baron Henley , a relative of former British Prime Minister Sir Anthony Eden .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Adrian Pettifer: English Castles: A Guide by Counties . Boydell & Brewer, Woodbridge 2002, ISBN 0-85115-782-3 , pp. 47 (English, 384 p., Limited preview in Google book search).
  2. ^ A b c d Michael Waistell Taylor: Old Manorial Halls of Westmorland and Cumberland . T. Wilson, Kendal 1892. p. 344. Retrieved August 26, 2016.
  3. ↑ a b Scaleby Castle . Pastscape. Historic England. English Heritage. Retrieved August 26, 2016.
  4. ↑ Michael Waistell Taylor: Old Manorial Halls of Westmorland and Cumberland . T. Wilson, Kendal 1892. p. 345. Retrieved August 26, 2016.
  5. ↑ a b c James D. Mackenzie: The Castles of England: Their Story and Structure . Volume II. Macmillan, New York 1896. p. 331. Retrieved August 26, 2016.
  6. ↑ Scaleby Castle . Gatehouse Gazetteer. Retrieved August 26, 2016.
  7. ^ A b James D. Mackenzie: The Castles of England: Their Story and Structure . Volume II. Macmillan, New York 1896. p. 332. Retrieved August 26, 2016.

Web links

Commons : Scaleby Castle  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 54 ° 57 ′ 11.5 "  N , 2 ° 51 ′ 42.8"  W.