Schönenwirt
| Schönenwirt (Schönenwerd) | ||
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| Waters | Lake Zurich | |
| Geographical location | 696872 / 228863 | |
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| length | 72 m | |
| width | 40 m | |
| surface | 0.188 5 ha | |
| Residents | uninhabited | |
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Schönenwirt (also known as Schönenwerd ), often just called Inseli in Richterswil , is an island in Lake Zurich . It belongs to the municipality of Richterswil and is the third largest natural island in Lake Zurich and at the same time the largest natural island in the Canton of Zurich .
Surname
The name of the island used in older cartographic documents is "Schönenwerd". Schönenwerd means "beautiful island". The root word "-Werd" goes to Old High German werid or Middle High German value back, meaning "island, surrounded by water land". The term Insel Schönenwerd is therefore pleonastic from a linguistic perspective . The locally used variant "Schönenwirt" is a reinterpretation of the no longer transparent original name.
geography
The island of Schönenwirt is located in the southern part of Lake Zurich in the Richterswil Bay directly on the canton border between the canton of Zurich and the canton of Schwyz . The island belongs to the municipality of Richterswil and lies entirely within the territory of the canton of Zurich. Its southern end marks the border with the canton of Schwyz. The distance to the bank at Bäch SZ (municipality of Wollerau ) is around 230 m; the shortest distance to the shore in the Richterswil municipality is around 260 m.
The island covers around 1885 m² with a maximum length of 72 m and a maximum width of 42 m. The area that lies above the water varies depending on the water level of Lake Zurich. The island is around 406 m above sea level. M. and has no significant elevations. It can be assumed that it was formed from glacier rubble when the Linth Glacier retreated.
history
Ownership
The ownership of the so-called "harbor goods" near Richterswil and sovereign rights over Lake Zurich, which also affected the Schönenwirt, remained controversial until the 19th century. Both the Canton of Zurich and the Canton of Schwyz raised their claims. A clarification only took place with the State Treaty of May 19, 1841, in which, in Art. 6, the island of Schönenwerd was definitely added to the Canton of Zurich.
Since the island did not yet have a real owner, private individuals repeatedly tried to own it between 1843 and 1848. In 1843 the Richterswil district doctor Dr. Schmid applied to the Cantonal Council of the Interior to let him have the island in order to set up a sanitary facility for the mentally ill . Only when the community made its own claim did the doctor withdraw his project. In 1844 a request was submitted to the Interior Council to build a bathing establishment on the island; this project also failed. In 1848 the landlord David Theiler from Richterswil became interested in the island and the fishing grounds around it. In order to prevent the sale to a private person, the municipality then asked the district council and finally in a letter to the government council that the island should be assigned to the municipality. The arguments put forward were that Richterswil had a right of servitude to the property because the island had been a bathing resort for the Richterswil residents for a long time and shrubs had been planted on it for this purpose. In addition, because of the many land facilities , the community has no other secure bathing location .
In order to definitely clarify the ownership, the canton decided to auction the island publicly on October 6, 1848. The only offer came from the municipality of Richterswil, it was 100 francs. The purchase was ratified by the government council on October 21, 1848; the letter of purchase, which was sealed on January 5, 1849 and is kept in the municipal archive in Richterswil, confirms the lawful sale. Only the island was included in the purchase price, but not the fishing grounds. In addition, it is stated in the purchase contract that all structures that go beyond the area of the island marked with stakes require the approval of the cantonal authorities.
use
The island is uninhabited and too small for agricultural use. Instead, it has served as a bathing resort since ancient times. Even after the purchase by the municipality of Richterswil in 1848, the Inseli primarily served this purpose, which is why the corresponding infrastructure was built in the second half of the 19th century: Two hexagonal men's bathing houses were built on the east side and a women's bathing house to the north of the island, accessible via a footbridge was. After the devastation caused by storms in 1917, the bathing facility had to be renewed in 1918. In addition to some repairs, the completely destroyed men's bathing houses were replaced by new, now octagonal structures. In order to ensure regular bathing operations, the municipal council issued an ordinance on visiting the island on June 19, 1919, which stipulated, among other things, that dogs were forbidden on the island, that visitors had to keep the island clean and that entering the island "Badkostüm" is prohibited, and undressing and dressing is only permitted in the bathing houses provided for this purpose. The men's bathing houses from the turn of the century can still be found on the island today, the women's bathing house has since been demolished. A fireplace has been added to the infrastructure for some time.
In addition to bathing, the island occasionally served festivals organized by local clubs such as sport fishermen, the sea club or the sailing club. It was also used repeatedly by the Richterswil authorities, who occasionally held meetings on the island in the summer months.
Even today, the island can only be reached by private boat or by swimming. However, during the sea frosts of 1929, 1946 and 1963, the island was accessible on foot. On this occasion, the tourist and innkeeper association jointly operated a restaurant on the island.
literature
- Adolf Attinger: Öises Inseli Schönenwirt. 2nd edition. Buchdruckerei Richterswil [1974].
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Cf. Schweizerisches Idiotikon Vol. XVI, Col. 1299 f., Article Werd .
- ↑ ortsnames.ch Entry: Schönenwerd (Wollerau, SZ) . Retrieved August 15, 2014.
- ↑ Contract between the Zurich and Schwyz estates regarding the port goods near Richterswil See also Adolf Attinger: Öises Inseli Schönenwirt. 2nd edition. Buchdruckerei Richterswil [1974], pp. 16-18.
- ^ Letter from the Richterswil municipal council to the government council, quoted in after Adolf Attinger: Öises Inseli Schönenwirt. 2nd ed. Buchdruckerei Richterswil [1974], pp. 20–24.
- ^ Ratification of the sale of the island of Schönenwerd on October 21, 1848. Zurich State Archives ( online ).
- ↑ Adolf Attinger: Öises Inseli Schönenwirt. 2nd edition. Buchdruckerei Richterswil [1974], pp. 24–28.
- ^ Ordinance on the island of Schönenwerd of June 19, 1919, Richterswil municipal archive, quoted in after Adolf Attinger: Öises Inseli Schönenwirt. 2nd edition Buchdruckerei Richterswil [1974], p. 31.
- ↑ Adolf Attinger: Öises Inseli Schönenwirt. 2nd edition Buchdruckerei Richterswil [1974], p. 34.
- ↑ Adolf Attinger: Öises Inseli Schönenwirt . 2nd edition Buchdruckerei Richterswil [1974], p. 38.
- ↑ Adolf Attinger: Öises Inseli Schönenwirt. 2nd edition. Buchdruckerei Richterswil [1974], pp. 35–36.