Forehead moths
| Forehead moths | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oak leaf miner ( Tischeria ekebladella ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the superfamily | ||||||||||
| Tischerioidea | ||||||||||
| Spuler , 1898 | ||||||||||
| Scientific name of the family | ||||||||||
| Tischeriidae | ||||||||||
| Spuler , 1898 |
The crested moths (Tischeriidae) are a family of butterflies (Lepidoptera). They occur with only about 80 species and one genus in the entire Holarctic . The main focus of their distribution is with 47 species in the USA .
features
The moths reach a wingspan of 1.5 to 11 millimeters. They have narrow fore wings that are about four times as long as they are wide. Many species have shiny metallic forewings. The basic color is usually yellow, light or dark brown or copper colored. The usually narrower hind wings have very long fringes. The thread-like antennae reach about 60 to 70% of the forewing length. The animals have long hair scales on their foreheads, which have given them their German name. They have well developed proboscis .
The wing veins of the forewings are partly well developed, but partly also greatly reduced. You have 11 wires with two anal wires (1b and 1c). The hind wings of all species have a receding wing veining, which consists of five or six veins with one (or possibly a second, but difficult to recognize) anal vein.
Way of life
The larvae develop inside leaves as miners , in which they create extensive space mines. They dispose of their excretions through a gap on the underside of the leaf. Depending on the species, they pupate either inside their mine or in a cocoon . Most crested moth species form only one generation per year. The European species feed primarily on rose plants (Rosaceae), oaks ( Quercus spec. ) And sweet chestnuts ( Castanea sativa ).
They are of little importance as pests in forestry . Only the oak miner moth ( Tischeria ekebladella ) can hinder the growth of oaks in rare mass occurrences .
Systematics
The crested moth family is represented in the German-speaking area (D-CH-A) with eight species. In all of Europe they occur with 12 species.
- Oak leaf miner ( Tischeria ekebladella ) (Bjerkander, 1795) D-CH-A
- Tischeria dodonaea Stainton, 1858 D-CH-A
- Tischeria decidua Wocke, 1876 D-CH-A
- Tischeria ekebladoides Puplesis & Diskus, 2003
- Coptotriche marginea (Haworth, 1828) D-CH-A
- Coptotriche szoecsi (Kasy, 1962) DA
- Coptotriche heinemanni (Wocke, 1871) D-CH-A
- Coptotriche gaunacella (Duponchel, 1843) D-CH-A
- Coptotriche angusticollella (Duponchel, 1843) D-CH-A
- Coptotriche berberella (De Prins, 1984)
- Coptotriche longiciliatella (Rebel, 1896)
- Coptotriche tantalella (Walsingham, 1907)
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ Tischeriidae. Lepiforum eV, accessed on December 29, 2006 .
- ↑ Tischeriidae in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved December 29, 2006
literature
- Thomas Kaltenbach, Peter Victor Küppers: Small butterflies. Verlag J. Neudamm-Neudamm, Melsungen 1987, ISBN 3-7888-0510-2
Web links
- British Insects: the Families of Lepidoptera
- Fam.Tischeriidae Crested Moths ( Memento from July 19, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
