School of Fluency

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Beethoven's pupil , Liszt's teacher , extremely productive author (not only) of piano etudes: Carl Czerny

The school of fluency of the composer and piano teacher Carl Czerny (1791–1857) is one of the best-known etude collections in the German-speaking area .

Czerny's Opus 299

Eighty opus numbers from Carl Czerny's extensive list of works denote study works for piano. These are very seldom individual études, almost always collections of numerous, namely up to 160 representatives of this genre each. Some compositions seem extremely dry, but others are atmospheric and shiny. The lasting value of the Czerny studies, especially with regard to the training of virtuoso finger play, is largely undisputed.

The school of fluency , composed and published in the 1830s, bears the opus number 299. The collection, which is divided into four books of ten etudes, is rather formulaic in terms of music and playing technique; the level of difficulty increases from the lower intermediate level to the upper level. Eighteen études are primarily devoted to training the right hand, a further eighteen more or less equally occupy both hands, and four are primarily devoted to training the left hand (nos. 7, 10, 18 and 34).

Since its first appearance, the School of Fluency has been published by numerous publishers. A scientific-critical edition is not yet available.

Works with the same or similar name

Much later, Carl Czerny also published a Preschool for Fluency Op. 636. Cornelius Gurlitt (1820–1901) composed a School of Fluency Op. 141, Louis Köhler (1820–1886) a small school of fluency Op. 242 and Hermann Berens (1826–1880) a Latest School of Fluency Op. 61, all for piano. Paul von Jankó (1856-1919) worked on Czerny's school of fluency for the Jankó keyboard .

Numerous other instruments were also considered. Wilhelm Volckmar (1812–1887) composed a fluency school Op. 270 for organ. Wilhelm Popps (1828–1902) School of Fluency for the flute bears opus number 411, Ernesto Köhler's (1849–1907) work of the same name for the same instrument bears opus number 77. The Viennese musicians Josef Haustein (1849–1926) and Anton Martin Sacher (1852– 1919) each wrote a school of fluency for the zither, Carl Kittel, also a Viennese musician of the 19th century, wrote a new school of fluency for the same instrument. Hans Sitt (1850–1922) composed a School of Fluency Opus 135 for violin. The schools of fluency of Walter Pörschmann (1903–1959) and Karl Kühn turned to bandoneon and accordion players .

The director Peter Lilienthal (* 1929) made a television film in 1963 with the title School of Fluency . The writer Gert Jonke (1946–2009) published a story of the same name in 1977. A cycle of poems by Ernst Jandl is entitled Pre-School of Fluency (1978).

literature