School replacement project

A school replacement project (also known as a “school replacement project” or “supplementary school” ) is an institution for schooling special children and young people in Germany.

background

The development of school education facilities in metropolitan areas and large cities makes it necessary to differentiate the range of school facilities. The mainstream school system did not do justice to all pupils, so that despite the requirement of ' inclusive pedagogy ', additional special institutions are provided. The federal German education system is legally and conceptually subject to the respective state ministry of education. The following is based on the Berlin practice (as long as authors from other federal states do not add accordingly).

Legal position

School replacement projects are run by independent organizations or youth welfare organizations. The parents have no direct legal claim. Either they contribute to the costs for the substitute school and / or they receive due to an application for educational help according to § 27 (1) i. V. m. 32 SGB VIII or acc. Section 27 (3) - Integrated learning therapy - a youth welfare service that covers the costs for the alternative schooling or for the replacement project.

On the other hand, there is talk of supplementary school offerings when the particular school does not attempt to cover the general curricula in the mainstream school area, but rather supplements compulsory schooling offers and classic upper-level offers. Services according to § 14 AG-KJHG Berlin fall.

The School Act for Berlin (as of June 2010) basically describes such school facilities in its §§ 94-104.

Healthcare

In the field of health care, in clinics and psychiatric wards, clinic schools were created as school replacement projects for school-age children during the period of inpatient accommodation, a cooperation between school administration and supervision with the health administration. Visiting these facilities is part of the physical or mental recovery; a differentiation of the children according to performance or problem is then hardly possible, individual lessons may be granted. The teachers hold the state exams.

Judiciary

If a young person is placed in juvenile prison - which, according to JGG, takes at least six months - schooling takes place in the closed house in a substitute project, the costs of which are borne by the judiciary.

school

There are also special and very special institutions supported and financed by the school on the fringes of mainstream schools. Regular schools are understood to mean: elementary schools, community schools, comprehensive schools, secondary schools, secondary schools, regional schools, support centers and grammar schools up to the 9th or 10th school year, depending on the length of compulsory education in the individual federal state. The school replacement project can also be a boarding school or the area of one.

In addition, there are special schools (for people with learning disabilities, among others) schools for the mentally handicapped ( challenged by the UN inclusion requirements from 2006 and federal requirements from 2009) and (remedial) home schools, i.e. boarding schools. Vocational schools, too, often take on the tasks of the mainstream school if B. 11 years. Outside of these school types, there are substitute schools, supplementary schools and school replacement projects.

Because the school, according to its own understanding, covers practically everything that could be necessary, it refers you to the youth welfare service when it comes to financing issues of additional projects . Complementary schools are usually in the hands of independent providers . Almost all of them have state recognition as a supplementary school.

Youth welfare

Since 1990/91, Germany has had a law that has been developed to promote children, adolescents, young adults , families and parents - SGB VIII - which, in its §§ 27-41, also promises educational support that is barely standardized and further "other" "Enable offers. According to Section 27, parents have a claim if necessary. This can be home facilities or semi-inpatient or group offers that provide for schooling predominantly or partially. It can also be a matter of "learning therapy" facilities; the focus is not infrequently in the area of social-emotional abnormalities and disorders. Parents who do not find anything suitable for their child in the field of public or private mainstream schools can check with the help of the youth welfare office whether locally useful school replacement projects have been established and whether school assistance financed by cost rates is available through service agreements with the youth welfare service of the municipality. It is helpful to look out for expert opinions before applying. B. by school psychology services, child and adolescent psychiatric services or education and family advice centers issued free of charge.

Conceptions

There are about as many concepts as there are sponsors and institutions, since these projects are actually linked individually to the local conditions and to the personal, spatial and theoretical background of the usually non-profit sponsoring organization. The size of the facility can also vary extremely: A school group of 6 people is just as conceivable as a school with many classes and tens of students.

literature

School distance: Senator BWF and State Commission Berlin 2003 (PDF; 394 kB)