Black moth

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Black moth
Black moth (Neptis rivularis)

Black moth ( Neptis rivularis )

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family : Noble butterfly (Nymphalidae)
Subfamily : Kingfishers (Limenitidinae)
Genre : Neptis
Type : Black moth
Scientific name
Neptis rivularis
( Scopoli , 1763)

The black pied butterfly ( Neptis rivularis ) is a butterfly (day butterfly ) from the noble butterfly family (Nymphalidae).

features

Imago

The moths reach a wingspan of 45 to 55 millimeters. The upper wing surface of the forewings is black or black-brown colored with a band of white spots. One or more smaller white spots can also be found between the bandage and the wing root. The outermost wing edge is narrow and white in color. The underside is rust-brown and otherwise shows the same white markings as the top. The upper wing surface of the hind wings is also colored black or black-brown, lined with white on the outside with a semicircular, wide, white band, which is only broken through by the dark veins. The underside is rust-brown and again shows the white drawing of the upper side, with the white band bordered in black.

egg

The eggs of the black moth have a thimble-shaped appearance.

Caterpillar

The caterpillar is brownish in color, has an indistinct light topline and several humps. On the sides there are dark brown slashes with a light border, as well as a yellowish vertical line.

Doll

The pupa is mostly light brown in color, stocky, laterally projecting, with the later wings clearly emerging. There are two small tips at the front end.

Synonyms

  • ( Neptis lucilla Denis & Schiffermüller 1775)

Similar species

Occurrence

The black moth occurs in Central Europe in the Eastern Alps , parts of southern Switzerland , in Austria and further south-east, where the distribution area becomes more extensive, for example in Romania and Hungary , which also led to the English name Hungarian Glider . The further distribution extends over Russia and China to Japan . The species prefers to live in light deciduous forests and brook gorges, but it is also found in park and garden areas.

Way of life

The moths seldom suckle on flowers, but primarily on moist soil and excrement . They fly slowly and hovering. The females lay the eggs one by one on the leaves of the forage plants. The young caterpillars eat the leaves from the leaf tip. During the rest phases the caterpillar hides in a rolled up leaf for protection during the summer. A more rigid hibernarium - a housing made of withered leaves and filaments - is created for wintering . The pupa hangs on branches of the forage plant as a falling pupa .

Food of the caterpillars

The caterpillars feed mainly on the leaves of the forest goat's beard ( Aruncus dioicus ), true meadowsweet ( Filipendula ulmaria ) and various species of spear bushes ( Spiraea ).

Flight and caterpillar times

The moths fly in one generation mainly in June and July. The caterpillars are found from August and after wintering until May of the following year.

Hazard and protection

The species is listed in the Red List of Endangered Animals in Austria in Category 3 (endangered).

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Walter Forster, Theodor A. Wohlfahrt: The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 2: Butterflies. (Rhopalocera and Hesperiidae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1955, DNB 456642188 .
  2. ↑ Gernot Räusl: On ecology and species protection of the black butterfly (Neptis rivularis SCOPOLI, 1763) in Vienna-Ottakring, Austria. In: Contributions to entomofaunistics. 3, 2002, pp. 81-85. (PDF)
  3. ^ P. Huemer, E. Reichl, C. Wieser: Red list of the endangered large butterflies of Austria (Macro-Lepidoptera). In: J. Gepp (Ed.): Red lists of endangered animals in Austria. (= Green series of the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Youth and Family. Volume 2). Styria, Graz 1994, ISBN 3-7012-0019-10 , pp. 215-264.

literature

Web links

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