Schweinfurt feud

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The Schweinfurt feud was an uprising of the north Count Heinrich von Schweinfurt against King Heinrich II. In August 1003.

Heinrich II had promised Count Heinrich / Hezilo the ducal dignity of Bavaria in order to ensure his support in the election of a king in 1002 . After Heinrich was elected king, however, he did not keep this promise. Thereupon Heinrich allied himself with the Polish Duke Bolesław Chrobry, among others, and there were armed conflicts in the Nordgau.

Count Heinrich established his duke-like position in northern Bavaria through his comitate in the Nordgau , the Radenzgau and the Volkfeldgau . The disputes, which have been handed down by the Merseburg bishop Thietmar von Merseburg in his Chronicon , initially apparently concerned the northern district north of Regensburg with the central Sulzbach castle . In the further course of the dispute, the castles Ammerthal (district of Amberg-Sulzbach), Creußen (district of Bayreuth), Kronach and Schweinfurt are named as places of military conflict. After his defeat, Count Heinrich fled to his ally, the Polish Duke Boleslaw Chrobry. The term "Schweinfurt Feud" is a more recent name in historical research. A member of the family of Count Heinrich / Hezilo, who died in 1017, was first referred to as "de Suinvord" (from Schweinfurt) in 1033. The family's center of power seems to have been in what is now Upper Palatinate until the feud of August 1003 and was only moved to Schweinfurt after 1003.

After the events of 1003, King Heinrich II gave the Bavarian ducal dignity to his brother-in-law Heinrich of Luxembourg in order to strengthen the royal power in Eastern Franconia . The extent to which Count Heinrich / Hezilo actually lost his royal fiefdom or whether he was largely restituted is controversial. As early as 1004, after his imprisonment at Giebichenstein Castle, he was pardoned.

literature

  • Peter Ettel: The castles of the Schweinfurters - historical and archaeological tradition . In: Beier, Hans-Jürgen; Achenbacher, Peter (ed.): The Orlagau in the early and high Middle Ages. Langenweißbach 2007, pp. 185-198.
  • Bernd Schneidmüller, Erich Schneider (eds.), The Schweinfurt feud and the landscape on the Obermain 1000 years ago. Schweinfurt 2003.
  • Mathias Hensch, Sulzbach Castle as the central castle from the 9th to the early 11th century in the central Upper Palatinate. A historical and archaeological source review. In: Sulzbach Castle in the Upper Palatinate. Archaeological historical research on the development of a rulership center from the 8th to 14th centuries in Northern Bavaria, Büchenbach 2005, Vol. 1, pp. 261–276.
  • Peter Kolb and Ernst-Günther Krenig (eds.): Lower Franconian history . Würzburg 1989, pp. 221-223.
  • Klaus Schwarz: First excavation results from the early medieval count castle in Oberammerthal in the Amberg district . Annual report of the Bavarian monument preservation 1962. pp. 95-108.