Swivel range
The swivel range (more rarely: rotation range) is the maximum range within which something can be swiveled. Panning is the executing action, while the pivoting range represents the outermost limits for the action (panning). The swivel angle can be reached continuously or via a grid over the entire swivel range.
In contrast to the (theoretically) endless rotation , the swivel range is limited in the range from 0 ° to a maximum of 360 ° and thus usually less than a full rotation. Examples:
- the manufacturer specifies the swivel range of a crane as 0 ° to 300 ° horizontally ;
- the swivel range of the gun is limited vertically from 20 ° to 35 °.
- According to the manufacturer, the swing range of the garage door is 0 ° to 90 ° with a maximum forward projection when opening or closing of 1.5 meters.
A swivel range can consist of horizontal, oblique or vertical movement, but also a combination of different movements. The combination of swiveling in a horizontal and vertical position becomes a diagonal or a curve.
By defining the swivel range, the maximum working range of an object is described; this can also be understood as a possible danger area, for example with regard to the risk of injury, possible damage or with regard to the period in which a spontaneous or planned action or reaction is possible or will / should occur.
Word derivation
Pan (pan) means a change of direction.
According to Adelung , the word to pivot is derived from to swing. Example: move in one swing, wave the flag, turn with one swing.
To fluctuate, on the other hand, is the activum of to fluctuate, but this to swing from to swing, hence the two Activa are just as different as their neuter.
hazards
Pivoting areas can represent danger areas and may need to be cordoned off and marked or other suitable means are to be used to warn of these dangers. This can e.g. B. also by means of written hazard warnings or pictograms .
Example: Standing in the swivel area of the excavator / crane and under suspended loads is prohibited.
Film, television, photography, surveillance camera
In the film and television industry, photography , surveillance of areas by recording images, etc., pan is understood as the movement / rotation of the active camera around its vertical or horizontal axis. The panning in the area of the artistic use of film material as a stylistic element can move more or less long over the object to be recorded. The swivel range is the entire area in which the images are captured.
In the case of surveillance cameras , the swivel range may have to be specified and documented in advance for data protection reasons. The swivel range must not be extended unauthorized (e.g. when monitoring a private area on the property of other owners or into the public area).
military
In the military field, panning means, among other things, a uniform change of direction (e.g. the marching column made a panning to the right). The swivel range is the entire area that the marching column needs for the swivel.
Standards (examples)
- DIN EN 12519
- DIN 107
- ÖNORM B 5328
- ISO 7010 (national implementation e.g. DIN EN ISO 7010 or ÖNORM EN ISO 7010).
See also
Web links
- Directive 92/58 / EEC (PDF)on minimum requirements for safety and / or health protection signs at work