Schwerzau

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Schwerzau is a modern desert in Saxony-Anhalt . It fell victim to the Profen open-cast lignite mine .

geography

The village, devastated in 1996, was located in southern Saxony-Anhalt , about 7 km north of Zeitz .

history

Until 1815 Schwerzau belonged to the Electorate or Kingdom of Saxony . It was under the court of the Pegau Office , but was administered by the Weißenfels Office. In 1815 Schwerzau came to Prussia ( Weißenfels district ) as a result of the Congress of Vienna . In 1945 the previously independent municipality (1939: 87 inhabitants) was incorporated into the neighboring municipality of Döbris ; the village of Dobris itself was devastated in 1967 . Schwerzau has belonged to the Hohenmölsen district since 1952 and to the Burgenland district since 1994 .

The road from Schwerzau to Döbris and Hohenmölsen led over the Pätschenberg, a striking elevation north-west of Schwerzau, which made it clear that Schwerzau was geographically in a valley basin. Not far from the village, the raft ditch from the direction of Draschwitz passed. Schwerzau naturally belonged to a side valley of the river Weisse Elster and was surrounded by a wide, barren-looking field landscape, which with an extremely fertile loess soil layer ensured extremely productive yields.

Due to the expansion of the open-cast lignite mine Profen of the Mitteldeutsche Braunkohlengesellschaft mbH , the place was demolished from 1995 and comprehensively developed archaeologically until 1998, whereby it was found that the "Schwerzau Castle" mentioned in the medieval annals of the Pegau monastery could not be proven.

The 39 residents of Schwerzau moved in 1994 to the neighboring village of Draschwitz in the Elsteraue community near Zeitz to the newly developed residential area "Schwerzauer Siedlung" on Bundesstraße 2 . The resettlement of Schwerzau is considered to be the first socially acceptable measure of a place in eastern Germany that has been used by lignite mining . However, all architectural monuments were destroyed with the exception of a half- timbered house built in 1704 , which was dismantled on a private initiative and rebuilt in Weickelsdorf from 1997 onwards.

From November to December 2006 the coal railway line Profen-Deuben, which led past Schwerzau, was dismantled. In 2018, the Schwerzau mining field was completely dredged.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Locations of the Prussian district of Weißenfels in the municipality register 1900
  2. ^ Peter Rudolph: The excavations in Schwerzau, Burgenlandkreis. Preliminary report. In: Annual publication for Central German prehistory. Vol. 85, Halle (Saale) 2002, ISBN 3-910010-65-2 , pp. 149-193.
  3. ↑ Frank Richter, Holger Rode: The plank room of the Meißner house from Schwerzau in the Burgenland district. In: The plank room of the Tetzelhaus in Pirna. Comparative consideration of other buildings in Central Germany. Lippe Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-89918-136-0 .
  4. ↑ Onlookers in the Profen Mitteldeutsche Zeitung opencast mine from July 20, 2018, accessed on March 13, 2019

See also

List of excavated towns

Coordinates: 51 ° 6 ′ 58.5 ″  N , 12 ° 10 ′ 0.2 ″  E