Semasiology
The semasiology (from the Greek σημασία [semasía] "meaning") in the narrower sense is within the semiotics and as a branch of semantics , the study of the meanings of words. Semasiology is a method of lexicology in which one starts with a word and then shows its meanings.
The arrow on the left-hand side symbolizes the use in which a sequence of sounds is indicative of a mental conception, which means that an expression as the signifier can be used to denote a term (see onomasiology ). The arrow on the right, on the other hand, shows the direction of a use with which a mental image is understood to be designated by a sound sequence, whereby a conceptual content can become the signified of the meaning of an expression (semasiology).
Semasiological questions
Semasiological questions are, for example, “What does the word work mean?” Or “What is the difference between (or what is common to) a corporation and company ?” Since a word as a homonym or polyseme can have different meanings depending on the context , semasiology always investigates the relationship between text and word , without which such ambiguities cannot be resolved.
History of Semasiology
Semasiology was founded in 1825 by Karl Christian Reisig with his lectures on Latin linguistics . The studies on this topic were mainly carried out by Friedrich August Eckstein , Gerhard Franz, Friedrich Haase , Ferdinand Heerdegen , H. Lehmann, Hermann Peter, Richard Chenevix Trench (1807–1886) and others. a. continued. At first, semasiology was primarily carried out historically. She was thus essentially interested in a change in meaning .
In his handbook of semasiology, Heinz Kronasser tried to find a psychological explanation of the changes in words. Further important work on semasiology was provided by a. Stephen Ullmann , Kurt Baldinger and Otto Duchácek. The research showed that semasiology was essentially limited to researching the mutual influence of words and the results that followed. One result of the investigations in connection with onomasiology has been able to provide linguistic proof that word and concept are not identical.
Onomasiology - Etymology - Name Research
The opposite of semasiology is onomasiology , which starts from terms or objects and asks how these are designated at certain times and in certain places.
Etymology , which also includes questions about the meaning of words, deals with the origin and history of words .
The name research is specific to the history, meaning and distribution of name one.
literature
- Kurt Baldinger: The semasiology. An attempt at an overview. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1957 ( Lectures and Papers 61, ISSN 0366-9785 ).
- Otto Duchácek : Quelques remarques sur la semantique linguistique et sur son évolution. In: Scientific journal of the Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University of Greifswald. Social and Linguistic Series. 13, 4, 1964, ISSN 0138-1016 , pp. 301-307.
- Friedrich August Eckstein : Latin lessons. Fues, Leipzig 1882 (special print from: Karl A. Schmid et al.: Encyclopedia of the Entire Education and Teaching System ).
- Gerhard Franz: About the change in meaning of Latin words in French. Ramming, Dresden 1890 ( program of the Wettiner Gymnasium in Dresden 528, ZDB -ID 1035247-8 ).
- W. Terrence Gordon: A History of Semantics. Benjamin, Amsterdam et al. 1982, ISBN 90-272-4512-6 ( Amsterdam Studies in the Theory and History of Linguistic Science. Ser. 3, 30).
-
Friedrich Haase : Lectures on Latin Linguistics. Simmel, Leipzig
- Vol. 1: Introduction. Meaning theory. Edited by Friedrich August Eckstein. 1874;
- Vol. 2: Theory of meaning. (Second part). Published by Hermann Peter. 1880.
- Helmut Hatzfeld: Guide to the comparative theory of meaning. Attempt to compile characteristic semasiological sample material from the most popular languages. Hueber, Munich 1924.
- Ferdinand Heerdegen : Studies on Latin semasiology. Book 2: General Principles. About the aims and methods of Latin semasiology. Attempt to determine and structure its general principles. Deidert, Erlangen 1878.
- Heinz Kronasser: Handbook of Semasiology. Brief introduction to the history, problems and terminology of the theory of meaning. 2nd unchanged edition. Winter, Heidelberg 1968 ( Library of General Linguistics. Series 1: Handbooks ).
- Brigitte Nerlich: Semantic Theories in Europe 1830–1930. From Etymology to Contextuality. Benjamin, Amsterdam et al. 1992, ISBN 90-272-4546-0 ( Amsterdam Studies in the Theory and History of Linguistic Science. Ser. 3, 59).
- Christian Carl Reisig: Lectures on Latin Linguistics. 3 volumes. Verlag von S. Calvary & Co., Berlin 1888–1890 (reprint: Sendet, Vaduz 1985).
- Peter Schmitter: The linguistic symbol. Studies on the theory of signs and meaning in ancient Greece and in the 19th and 20th centuries. Institute for General Linguistics of the Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität among others, Münster 1987, ISBN 3-89083-107-9 ( Study of Linguistics. Supplement 7).
- Richard Chenevix Trench: English past and present. Redfield, New York NY 1855.
- Stephen Ullmann : Basic features of semantics. The meaning from a linguistic point of view. 2nd unchanged edition. de Gruyter, Berlin et al. 1972, ISBN 3-11-004143-X ( de Gruyter textbook ).
- Wolfgang Beutin: The survival of old word meanings in modern German literature until around 1800. 2nd, revised and expanded edition. Peter Lang GmbH, Frankfurt am Main 2013, ISBN 978-3-631-62996-3 (print)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Johannes Kabatek; Claus D. Pusch: Spanish Linguistics. Narr Francke Attempto, Tübingen 2009, ISBN 978-3-8233-6404-7 , pp. 43-45