Serat Menak Sasak
The Serat Menak Sasak is a cycle of sagas from the Wayang Sasak, a variant of the Indonesian wayang developed by the Sasak people on the Indonesian island of Lombok , a scenic play with a historical and mythological background.
General information on the Wayang Sasak
As Wayang Sasak the various domestic Lombok Tell cycles are shadow play (wayang kulit) referred to in which seen from figures made of dried and smoothed cowhide on a canvas cast shadows. Wayang generally means "shadow", Kulit is the untanned, parchment-like dried animal skin. The game form was cultivated in Lombok and in the palace of the king of Karangasem (Amlapura) in east Bali , whose area of rule in the 19th century included large parts of Lombok. The game captains (Dalang) were - also in the Hindu Bali - Sasak of the Muslim faith, who let their characters speak old Javanese and Balinese .
In addition to the series of legends Serat Menak , the story of the hero Alam Daur is also performed on Lombok . This man victoriously fights all sorts of enemies and gets through everywhere. The performances are supposed to be beneficial for weak and sick children. The Balinese and Hindu story of Rare Kumara is played by two Muslim Dalangs in Lombok.
A wayang Sasak figure set should consist of at least 100 individual shadow play figures. At the end of the 1920s, Roelof Goris (1936) found a shadow play with 200 figures in East Lombok. The ethnomusicologist Tilman Seebass saw in 1972 in the temple Pura Karang Pamaksan Songkang in the district Cakranegara Timur in the east of Mataram a wooden box (Grobag) with 300 characters that should come from the 17th century.
The heroes and often the demons are between 45 and 60 centimeters high, the women about half as tall. In contrast to the Balinese wayang, there are no figures of gods, and the performance is generally only viewed from the shady side. While the Javanese game opens with the symmetrical representation of the world mountain or world tree Gunungan - in Bali it is called Kayonan, which symbolizes the cosmos of the underworld, human and god world, two Gunungans are used on Lombok. Islam does not emphasize the order of the world as a unity, but rather the contrast between good, Allah , and evil, Shaitan . There is a Gunungan on the right and one on the left. The banana trunk on the ground into which the figures are inserted is called badeg jaya , the lamp belencong .
The Gamelan Wayang Sasak is one of the great traditional orchestras ( gamelan ) in Lombok music . The Dalang sets a wild rhythm with the wooden knocker keketak , which he holds between the toes of his right foot. The musical instruments, various humpback gongs and the bamboo flute suling , are similar to those of the Balinese wayang accompaniment orchestras, but the musical style is different. From about the 1980s put a popularization and flattening one of the classical style in which, for example, the dancing popular characters of Dangdut - light music accompanied.
Serat Menak
The program consists of stories that originated in Iran during the Middle Ages and were translated into the Javanese language in the 16th and 17th centuries. They reached Lombok via Java. The hero in Serat Menak is the Menak (knight) Amir Hamzah , the uncle of the Prophet Mohammed , who appears in Wayang Golek (stick puppet show with wooden figures) in Java . The stories come from the Hindu-Javanese tradition and were charged with Islamic values, they should spread Islam in Indonesia in an entertaining way .
Episodes of the Serat Menak
Amir Hamzah is the hero of the Persian epic Hamzanama , which is best known for a manuscript from the time of the Indian Mughal emperor Akbar I (1542–1605). Accordingly, he was born in Mecca and was the son of Abdul Muntalip, the governor of Mecca, who himself came from a Yemeni ruling dynasty. Together with his friend Umarmaya, a funny character (another clown character is Umarmadi), he fought victoriously against a gang of robbers: it was Prince Maktal from Alabani and his two bodyguards Sapardan and Daundari who made the small caravan with the tribute payments to the King of Medayin had attacked. They were persecuted and caught by Umarmaya and Amir Hamzah, and a fight broke out. Umarmaya killed the two bodyguards and Amir Hamzah fought with Prince Maktal for a long time until he had to give up. The price that his life was spared: he and all of Alabani had to convert to the right faith, Islam. Maktal later became one of Amir Hamzah's best friends and his chief general. By a trick Amir succeeded in defeating King Bahri Bahram of Yemen, whereupon Mecca Kingdom and Amir Hamzah became Great King.
The principle of the individual stories within the plot is the victory over ever stronger opponents who are converted, and at the end each time the reward in the form of a beautiful princess.
Amir wooed Princess Munninggar, the only child of Nursewan, the Raja (king) of Medayin. Only means “(divine) light”, Sevan means dark, black, dark. The dark side was definitely his Patih (Prime Minister) Bestak. After a few adventures that took him to Sri Lanka and during which the Raja of Sri Lanka, Alam Daur, became his friend and companion, he returned to Medayin. Munninggar became his wife against her father's wishes. She remains the most important woman in his life.
He helped Ajrak, the kingdom of good spirits. Princess Putri Ismayawati, the only child of King Tamimasar of Ajrak, became his second wife. The marriage lasted only a few days and Wong Menak, as Amir Hamzah now called himself, returned to Mecca. In his exploits, Amir Hamzah traveled all over the then known world. He was not always victorious, was badly wounded in the fight against Maharaja Jubil, defeated in the Kahelani War and taken prisoner. He advised kings, stood by them and had to wage war again and again, especially against his father-in-law Nursiwan. Even a Chinese princess, Dewi Amdaninggar, fell in love with him, she was killed in a duel with the warrior princess Kelansuara in the Kahelani War with a poisoned kris (dagger). Kelansuara became the third wife of Wong Menak. She had a son and named him Repatmeja. There are also many stories about him.
Wong Menak traveled a lot, defeating Yunnan (Greece), Rum (Rome) and Mesir (Egypt), even conquering Turkestan (Kaos) . In Mecca he was now called wong agung kelana jaya, which means something like "Great Lord, the victorious wanderer". He got another name, ratu seribu negara, "King of the Thousand Kingdoms". At the end of the fighting and love affairs, he returned to Mecca.
There are striking similarities to characters and episodes from the Indian national epic Mahabharata . Selandir, Raja of Selan, has much in common with Bhima , the second of the five Pandava brothers from the Mahabharata .
Figures of Serat Menak Sasak
- Abdullah Muntalip
Other names: Raja Muntalip, Muntalip
Abdullah Muntalip is governor in Mecca, which is tributary to the Kingdom of Yemen. He is the father of Amir Hamzah, whom he calls Ambyah. At the beginning of the story, he is in a bad fix because he has not been able to pay the tribute to Yemen for a long time. A drought has ruined all harvests and there is hunger in Mecca. Abdullah Muntalip fears that Yemen's troops may show up any day, rob everything, enslave the people and burn the rest down.
- Amir Hamzah
Other names: Ambyah, Saidina Amzah, Amir Ambyah, Wong Agung, Wong Agung Menak, Jayengrana, Jayang Rana, Wong Menak
Amir Hamzah is the main hero in the epic Serat Menak and in the epic Serat Menak Sasak, a variant of the Serat Menak created on Lombok. Amir Hamzah has a secret: he can make himself so difficult that no one can lift him off the floor. This often makes him win face-to-face in duels.
- Bujar
Bujar is one of the giants who escaped during the slaughter on Jakalbab Mountain. He and his twin brother Jawes are now advisors at the court of Mertu Jamut, a leader of the giants who also escaped the slaughter. Bujar and Jawes get the order to kill Amir Hamzah when he camped with a small army in the forests of Bari-Bara, where these giants had also found a new home. Bujar and his brother Jawes are given and defeated by Dewi Amdaninggar. Amir Hamzah spares her life and they both become his servants.
- Daundari
Daundari is a childhood friend of Maktal, the Crown Prince of the Kingdom of Albani. He is also his bodyguard who, together with Sapardan, shields his friend from overly intrusive admirers. He is also Maktal's sparring partner in archery. He dies fighting Umarmaya.
- Dewi Amdaninggar
Other name: Amdaninggar
Dewi Amdaninggar always had the same dream for three consecutive nights: She meets a young, proud warrior from distant lands and he looks completely different from what she is used to. He has round eyes, a large nose and is tall. She falls in love with him and when it is learned that he is the Great King, the marriage is allowed. But the prince has disappeared since then. The only thing that describes him in more detail is his name, which he gave her: Datu Muterim Jagat. She sets out to look for him. With her magic she creates a horse out of smoke and clouds and flies away with it. After many mistakes and meeting Nursiwan, who at that time still had the title Datu Muterim Jagat, she finally finds Wong Menak, the man of her dreams. She goes to the Kalehani War with him. In a duel with the warrior princess Kelansuara, she is injured by a poisoned Kris and dies in the arms of Wong Menak.
- Gunungan
Other name: Kayonan
The Gunungan Sasak is, with few exceptions, painted the same on both sides. The figure represents a tree in which two snakes (Naga Sasra) wind from top to bottom in a kind of wedding ritual. In the tree itself there are ornaments for decoration, but not birds, monkeys, tigers or similar animals, as is common in Java. The two sky watchers in the lower part and the sky gate itself are also missing. The size of the figure is about 60 to 70 cm and corresponds to the largest figure in the game: Selandir. The gunungan itself has many functions, with it beginning and ending a wayang-kulit performance. Depending on the situation, it can be used as a house, a mountain, a tent or a lake. If it is swiveled horizontally back and forth, it should represent the time that goes by. When he begins to dance, he usually introduces a break or the transition to another, parallel scene.
- Jawes
Jawes is one of the giants who escaped during the slaughter on Mount Jakalbab. He and his twin brother Bujar are now advisors at the court of Mertu Jamut, a leader of the giants who also escaped the slaughter. Bujar and Jawes get the order to kill Amir Hamzah when he camped with a small army in the forests of Bari-Bara, where these giants had also found a new home. Bujar and his brother Jawes are given and defeated by Dewi Amdaninggar. Amir Hamzah spares her life and they both become his servants.
- Jin Abu Nandir
Jin Abu Nandir is a good spirit, a jinn. He is the ambassador of Ajrak, the realm of good spirits. He accompanies Kuraisin on her trip to her father Wong Menak (Amir Hamzah). He is a teacher from Repatmeja.
- Jin Asal Asil
Jin Asal Asil is a Foreign Minister of Ajrak under the rule of King Raja Tamimasar. King Raja Tamimasar sends him and another foreign minister, Jin Sadal Satil, to Mecca with a basket full of miraculous fruits to help the injured Wong Menak and to ask him to come to Ajrak. Through the verses in a secret book by his father, Wong Menak can understand the words of Jin Asal Asil after a while and see him dimly. The fruits heal the wound and Wong Menak is feeling better every hour. The next day he flies to Ajrak with the two foreign ministers.
- Jin Jaswadi
Other names: Patih Jaswadi, Jaswadi.
Jin Jaswadi is a good spirit, a jinn. He is Prime Minister and Supreme General of Ajrak under the rule of King Raja Tamimasar. Arjak is the kingdom of good spirits. All of its inhabitants, all of its buildings and gardens are invisible to people. Their real kingdom lies in the mountains of Jabalkab. This was occupied by giants one day and they had to give it up without a fight, as the giants gave off such a stench that the tender spirits passed out.
- Jin Sadal Satil
Jin Sadal Satil is a good spirit, a jinn. He is Foreign Minister under King Raja Tamimasar of Ajrak. King Raja Tamimasar sends him and a second foreign minister, Jin Asal Asil, to Mecca with a basket full of miraculous fruits to help the injured Wong Menak and to ask him to come to Ajrak. Through the verses in a secret book by his father, Wong Menak can understand the words of Jin Sadal Satil after a while and see him dimly. The fruits heal the wound and Wong Menak is feeling better every hour. The next day he flies to Ajrak with the two foreign ministers.
- Kelansuara
Other name: Dewi Kelansuara
Kelansuara is the daughter of Raja Kelan Jejali, the ruler of Kahelani. She is a very lively girl and wrestles with boys of the same age, trains archery and learns how to handle weapons. She is not interested in puppet shows. As far back as she could remember, it had always been her wish to become a general one day. As she gets older, she gathers a group of girls and they learn Pencak Silat, a Far Eastern martial art that includes Kung Fu and Karate. She already had the black belt at the age of 14. In the people one speaks of her only as "the tigress" and at 18 she becomes the highest general of the country. However, her father is a very unjust and unpopular king and Wong Menak (Amir Hamzah) decides to start a punitive expedition against him. However, Kelansuara is well prepared and Wong Menak seems to fail in the siege of the capital. There is a direct duel between Kelansuara and Wong Menak, which he loses and is captured. Dewi Amdaninggar tries to free him, it seems to succeed, but Kelansuara injures her with a poisoned dagger and she dies in the arms of Wong Menak. Kelansuara makes a simple request to Wong Menak: "Marriage or death". They get married in Mecca and she has a son, Repatmaja.
- Konkalisahak
Konkalisahak is the mount of the prophet Ishak and it will be the first horse of the Ambyah, as Amir Hamzah was called when he was a boy. It comes to him when he visits the Prophet's mausoleum. Konkalisahak tells Ambyah and Umarmaya about a treasure that is buried near the mausoleum. The two actually find a treasure and return to Mecca with it and Konkalisahak. Part of the treasure will be used to pay tribute to Yemen.
- Kuraisin
Other names: Putri Kuraisin, Dewi Cakra Kusuma
Kuraisin or Dewi Cakra Kusuma, as her official name is, is a young princess from the Kingdom of Ajrak, the realm of good spirits. Her mother is Putri Ismayawati and her father is Wong Menak (Amir Hamzah). When the Kurais was 14, she was allowed to visit her father in Mecca. There are 40 other ghosts, including the two foreign ministers Jin Asil Asal, Jin Sadal Satil, the ambassador Patih Jin Abu Nandir and the supreme general Jin Jaswadi. On the way there, according to Jambiraji, she sees a strange wooden box floating in the sea, which they take with them. To everyone's surprise, there is a baby in it. Later she learns in a dream that it is a half-brother of hers and that the baby is called Raden Repatmaja. She and her ghosts raise the baby and then together they visit their father Wong Menak.
Wong Menak is currently on a diplomatic mission with Raja Jabiul Awal, the king of Dayak. Misunderstandings arise and suddenly Wong Menak and his diplomatic corps are at war with Raja Jabiul Awal. When the ghost troops around Kuraisin arrive, they have to help Wong Menak. Wong Menak defeated Raja Jabiul Awal in a duel with the help of his daughter Kuraisin. He appoints a new king and returns to Mecca with his children, with the magic pouch of Umarmaya and his flying skills making a major contribution.
- Maktal
Other names: Raden Maktal, Panglima Maktal
Panglima Maktal, or Maktal for short, is the Crown Prince in the Kingdom of Albani. He is a son of Raja Masban of Albani. Maktal is like Wong Menak except for the hair, which is straight in Wong Menak, but wavy in Maktal. Maktal was trained primarily in the craft of war and he is the undefeated hero in all of Albani. As a constant companion he has two childhood friends: Sapardan and Daundari . In Alabani, Maktal is celebrated as a young hero, as he wins the tournament in all disciplines. However, one of his uncle prophesied that one day he would succumb to someone who looked exactly like himself.
- Nabi Hidir
Other name: Hidir
Nabi Hidir is a deceased prophet. He appears every now and then in Wong Menak's dreams, especially when he is in dire straits. Nabi Hidir then helps him with good advice.
- Nursiwan
Other names: Nursewan, Datu Muterin Jagat
Nursiwan is a king of Medayin and the father of Putri Munigarim. His official title as King of the Kingdom of Medayin is Datu Muterin Jagat. Against his will, his beautiful daughter Putri Munigarim marries the main hero of the epic Serat Menak Sasak, Amir Hamzah. This gives rise to constant arguments between the two.
- Patih Bestak
Other names: Bestak, Baktak
Patih Bestak is the Prime Minister in the Medayin Kingdom under the rule of Raja Nursiwan. He is cunning, devious and won't stop at anything. In the people he is only called Baktak, which in the Serat Menak Sasak is generally translated as "evil villain". He really is the dark side of Nursiwan.
- Patih Dayangmundar
Other name: Dayangmundar
Patih Dayangmundar is Prime Minister in the Kahelani Empire under the rule of the tyrant Raja Kelan Jejali. When he decides the death of his grandson Repatmeja, who is still a baby, and orders Patih Dayangmundar to kill him, Patih Dayangmundar manages that Repatmeja is handed over to the sea in a box alive. But the box is secretly a seaworthy, small boat. Shortly after, Raja Kelan Jejali is tragically killed and Patih Dayangmundar is proclaimed King of Kahelani.
- Putri Ismayawati
Putri Ismayawati is the only child of Raja Tamimasar, the king of Ajrak. She is everything. When she secretly sees Wong Menak Jayengran, it's over. She falls head over heels in love with him. When he returns from Mount Jabalkab victorious, it is only a matter of time before she is his wife. But during the night she hears him talking about Putri Munigarim in a dream. She is completely beside herself, freaks out and dumps Wong Menak Jayengran, and ends her marriage to him. Wong Menak Jayengran leaves Ajrak and walks towards Mecca.
- Putri Manditahib
Other name: Manditahib
Putri Manditahib is the beautiful princess from the Kingdom of Yemen. Her father Raja Bahri Bahram is the king of this land. After Raja Bahri Bahram was defeated by Ambiyah (Amir Hamzah) in a duel, he received a gesture of submission from her father as a gift. Wong Menak is not interested in the princess and announces an archery competition, the first prize of which is the princess. So she should get the best man far and wide. Allah wills it differently and directs the arrows past the princess's bracelet, which is hung 30 paces away. The arrow of Raja Sarsaban of Absah, an old king who joins in just for fun, spins powerless through the air and miraculously falls through the princess's bracelet. Nobody is satisfied with this “ judgment of God ”. Ambiyah and Umarmaya find it difficult to prevent a rebellion.
- Putri Munigarim
Other names: Munigarim, Munninggar
Putri Munigarim is a beautiful princess from the Kingdom of Medayin. Her father Nursewan is the Raja (King) of this land. Amir Hamzah woos her and when they first meet, she falls madly in love with him. The preconditions for a wedding are set by Patih Bestak: “Bring us the head of Selandir!” When Amir Hamzah returns to Medayin with Raja Selandir and his bodyguard, panic breaks out there. Patih Bestak reports that Putri Munigarim has died and arranges a funeral. Amir Hamzah passed out at the grave and had a fever. Raja Selandir rummages through the empty Medayin and finds Putri Munigarin with some servants. She comes with me to Mecca, nurses Amir Hamzah back to health and they marry.
- Raja Bahri Bahram
Other names: Bahri Bahram.
Raja Bahri Bahram is the Great King of Yemen and many smaller kingdoms are tributary to him, including Mecca, the home kingdom of the main hero Wong Menak (Amir Hamzah). When paying tribute, Ambyah (Amir Hamzah) hides in the treasure chest and kills anyone who dares to open it, giving a mad scream. Everyone at the court believes that the devil himself is in the box and flees in a panic. Only Raja Bahri Bahram remains. When it got quiet, Ambyah jumps out of the box and after a short exchange of words with Raja Bahri Bahram a duel ensues between the two, which Ambyah wins. He gives kingdom and life to Raja Bahri Bahram, but now in turn demands tribute in the form of loyalty and allegiance. Raja Bahri Bahram gives him as a token of his submission himself, his daughter Putri Manditahib and his kingdom.
- Raja Istaham
Other name: Istaham.
Raja Istaham is a minor king in a kingdom that borders the greater kingdom of Selan. He is a poor dog and only rules a few villages in a valley. His kingdom is tributary to the Kingdom of Medayin. Raja Istaham is the travel guide for Wong Menak (Amir Hamzah), Umarmaya and Maktal who want to go to Selan. Raja Istaham has been commissioned by Patih Bestak to prevent this by all means. His country should not have to pay tribute as a reward for ten years. His poison attack on Wong Menak's life fails and Raja Istaham goes insane .
- Raja Kelan Jejali
Other name: Kelan Jejali.
Raja Kelan Jejali is a very unjust king in the Kahelani kingdom. He's a tyrant . Again and again Wong Menak hears about his unjust actions and he decides to visit him and advise him. Raja Kelan Jejali has a daughter, Kelansuara, a warrior princess who is the top general in Kahelani at the age of 18. When Wong Menak arrives with his entourage in Kahelani and asks for an audience, he and his entourage are attacked surprisingly and he sees himself at war with Kahelani. There is a direct duel between Wong Menak and Kelansuara; Wong loses it and is captured. Kelansuara marries Wong Menak against her father's wishes and he gives birth to a child in Kahelani. She dies shortly after giving birth. Raja Kelan Jejali puts the blame for her death on her son Repatmeja, this brat of Wong Menak, and he resolves his death. Repatmeja is dumped in a wooden box in the sea. Shortly afterwards, Raja Kelan Jejali is tragically killed.
- Raja Selandir
Other names: Selandir, Alam Daur
Raja Selandir is the great king of Selan (Sri Lanka). He is a giant and strong as a bear. He carries a large sword, but his favorite weapon is a man-sized club. For the price of their kingdoms, he duels Amir Hamzah in the morning and in the late afternoon for forty days without winning. Amir Hamzah proposes a lifting duel and wins. He gives Selandir his lost kingdom and wins a friend and companion who comes to Medayin for Amir Hamzah's wedding.
- Raja Munda structure
- Raja Tamimasar
Other names: Tamisar
Raja Tamimasar is king in the kingdom of Ajrak, the realm of good spirits. Many know the name Ajrak, but no one knows where this realm is and no one has ever been there. Raja Tamimasar and all his spirits have a big problem, they are slowly becoming sick, becoming more and more melancholy. They were driven from their real kingdom, which was in the mountains of Jabalkab, by a horde of disgusting giants. The stench was so bad that the delicate ghosts passed out. Since then they have been hiding in the dark woods of Ajrak. Raja Tamimasar hired a sage to find out if there was a solution to this problem. There was. A young king named Wong Menak (Amir Hamzah) had to be found and he should be able to drive away the giants. Wong Menak came and helped. It was a two-day slaughter in the mountains of Jabalkab that Wong Menak won because Nabi Hidir appeared to him in a dream that night and told him how to defeat these apparently immortal giants. When the giants realized their magic had been discovered the next day, everyone who was still alive fled.
- Ranes
Ranes is one of the giants who escaped during the slaughter on Jakalbab Mountain. At that time he swore revenge, should he ever meet Wong Menak Jayengrana, as Amir Hamzah called himself at the time. When Amir Hamzah passes through a forest on the way from Ajrak to Mecca, he meets Ranes. He promises to help him. As if by a miracle, Amir Hamzah escapes two assassinations by Ranes. In the last attack, Ranes is killed by the action of his son Sekaryasa Sekardin.
- Repatmaja
Other names: Arya Repatmaja, Raden Arya Repatmaja.
Repatmaja is a son of Kelansuara, the warrior princess from the kingdom of Kalehani and Wong Menak (Amir Hamzah). She dies shortly after he is born. The grandfather of Repatmaja, king and tyrant of Kalehani, Raja Kelan Jejali, decides, out of grief over the death of his beloved daughter, to have the baby Repatmaja killed. He instructs Patih Dayangmundar to do this, but he can only put the baby in a box and put it into the sea. There the Princess Kuraisin finds it and winds it up. Together they visit their father Wong Menak without being recognized. Repatmaja fights his father and loses the duel. The following evening Kuraisin and Repatmaja give up their cover and tell their father that they are his children.
- Velvet anus
Samtanus is a young prince from Yunan, a city-state in Greece. His father is King Wadis of Yunan, who plays no further role in the Wayang and there is no figure of him. Together with his brother Tantanus he is at the court of Wong Menak (Amir Hamzah) in Mecca. He should learn from Wong Menak how to govern wisely and make friends. He is part of Wong Menak's bodyguard. Wong Menak likes the two brothers and he's just waiting to give them a real assignment. For Samtanus, Wong Menak is a real father and so he reads every wish from his lips before it is uttered.
- Sapardan
Sapardan is a childhood friend of Maktal, the crown prince of the Kingdom of Albani. He is also his bodyguard, who, together with Daundari, shields his friend from overly intrusive admirers. He is also Maktal's sparring partner when it comes to sword fighting. He dies fighting Umarmaya.
- Sekaryasa Sekardin
Other names: Sekardin
Ranes met a fairy along with Wong Menak and was able to marry her. Soon she will be pregnant. She dies in childbirth. The child is a horse in body and head is totally like his father. It gets the name Sekaryasa Sekardin. Ranes is very fond of the little creature and wants to have it to himself. He forgets his vow to Amir Hamzah and waits for a suitable opportunity to kill him. Sekasrdin is growing up fast. One day Amir Hamzah falls asleep next to Sekardin. Ranes said he was going to look for berries but was looking for a large boulder to throw at Amir Hamzah. When he dragged such a chunk in, Sekardin shied away and knocked the chunk out of his father's hands with both hind hooves. The chunk flies up, falls back, hits Ranes fully and brushes Sekardin on the hind leg. Ranes is killed instantly. Amir Hamzah wakes up, sees what has happened, buries Ranes and nurses Sekardin back to health. From then on, this talking horse is his mount and his best friend.
- Tantanus
Tantanus is a young prince from Yunan, a city-state in Greece. His father is King Wadis of Yunan, who plays no further role in the Wayang and there is no figure of him. Tantanus is with his brother Samtanus at the court of Wong Menak (Amir Hamzah) in Mecca. Like his brother, he should learn from Wong Menak how to govern wisely and make friends. He too is part of Wong Menak's bodyguard. Tantanus is a little younger than Samtanus.
- Umarmadi
Other names: Raden Umarmadi, Raja Umarmadi
Raden Umarmadi rules in the small principality of Kohkarib near Mecca. Prince Raden Umarmadi loves the joys of life and he has a very elaborate lifestyle. Day-long feasts with friends are common and so it is no wonder that the tide is always ebb in the state treasury. All kinds of thefts and raids in the near and far area were on his account. Most of the time he went out with his friends, sometimes alone when he was out for theft. In fact, he wasn't a prince, but an ordinary villain and pickpocket, no better than a desert rat. On one of his fishing trips to the neighboring kingdom of Kasinah, he arrives there just as the king was buried there. By chance, Raden Umarmadi is elected King of Kasinah. And continues his old lifestyle there. When his queen dies, they want to bury him right away. On his way from Arjak to Mecca, Wong Menak passes by just in time and is able to save Raden Umarmadi. They move together to Mecca, which is currently under siege by Maharaja Jubil. With a bad trick, Raden Umarmadi and Umarmaya can cause Maharaja Jubil to break off the siege and leave with his army.
- Umarmaya
Other names: Raden Umarmaya, Patih Umarmaya, Rakmiah
Umarmaya is a son of Raja Jamiri, ruler of Kalkandangan. In his youth he was called Rakmiah. He is Amir Hamzah's closest friend. He is its advisor and prime minister. He's a smart little guy and a dangerous swordsman. He has some magical things and abilities. He has a spell that allows him to "beam" from one place to any other place. He says he won't fly or see anything and always feel a little dazed afterwards. He doesn't know how it works, but he would be there in seconds. He also knows some magical songs that make people fall asleep, put them into deep sleep, or deprive them of sleep.
Individual evidence
- ^ Tilman Seebass, I Gusti Bagus Nyoman Panji, I Nyoman Rembang, I Poedijono: The Music of Lombok. A first survey. Forum Ethnomusicologicum. Basler Studien zur Ethnomusicologie 2, ed. by Hans Oesch. Francke, Bern 1976, p. 37.
- ↑ The Origins of Sasak Literature. ( Memento from June 4, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Lontar Page, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt
literature
- Günter Spitzing : The Indonesian shadow play. Bali - Java - Lombok. DuMont, Cologne 1981, ISBN 3-7701-1301-2 .
- David Harnish: Worlds of Wayang Sasak: Music, Performance, and Negotiations of Religion and Modernity. In: Journal of the Society for Asian Music. 34, No. 2, University of Texas Press, 2003, pp. 91-120