Sergei Nikolayevich Anochin

Sergei Nikolayevich Anokhin ( Russian Сергей Николаевич Анохин ; born March 19 ^{. Jul} / 1. April  1910 ^greg. In Moscow ; † 15. April 1986 ) was a Soviet test pilot . He was involved in testing over 200 types of aircraft.

Life

Anochin came into contact with gliding in 1924 and initially remained loyal to the sport. In 1934 he became a flight instructor at a gliding school in Koktebel . There he was also given the task of flying in new models. He flew in various types during the Great Patriotic War . His special skills in handling gliders enabled him to master difficult missions with gliders .

He has been a test pilot there since the founding of the Mikhail Gromov University for Flight Research (LII) in 1941. Anochin crashed on May 17, 1945 during a test flight. He lost an eye in the accident. Despite the disability, he was later able to resume his job as a test pilot. In the 1950s he began to train the next generation of test pilots, such as Georgi Mossolow .

In April 1964, Sergei Korolev , whom he had known since the war , brought Anochin to the OKB-1 design office , where, under Korolev's direction, rockets and spaceships were developed. Anochin worked there as a test pilot.

Korolev has long been pushing for not only military personnel, as before, but also civil engineers from his design office to be approved as cosmonauts . In September 1965 Korolev put together a group of ten future cosmonaut aspirants: nine young engineers, plus the older test pilot Anochin as their leader, but this selection was rejected by Nikolai Kamanin , the head of Soviet cosmonaut training.

After Korolev's death in January 1966, Vasily Mishin took over the management of OKB-1, which was renamed ZKBEM in March 1966. Mishin made another attempt to turn his people into cosmonauts, and on May 23, 1966, a group of eight candidates under the direction of Anochin. Mishin proposed Anochin as a substitute commander for the first manned Soyuz flight .

Anochin and the seven others were medically examined on August 31, 1966 in an Air Force hospital. Anochin failed the medical tests. He was 56 years old at the time and had no spatial view due to his missing eye. Anochin officially left the ZKBEM cosmonaut group on May 27, 1968. Even after that, however, he was involved in the preparation of Soyuz flights.

Anochin was married to the glider pilot Margarita Razenskaya.

The asteroid (4109) Anokhin , discovered in 1977, was named in his honor. Among other things, Anochin was a Hero of the Soviet Union , a triple Lenin and a double Red Banner Order . He also received the State Prize of the USSR .

Web links

• Literature by and about Sergei Nikolajewitsch Anochin in the catalog of the German National Library
• Biography (russian)