Serrasalmus serrulatus
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Drawing by François Louis Nompar de Caumont de La Force , later Count von Castelnau |
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| ( Valenciennes , 1850) |
Serrasalmus serrulatus , also known as Piranha Encarnada, Caribe Cortador, Muda, Paña or Highback Piranha, is a species of piranha in the genus Serrasalmus .
description
Serrasalmus serrulatus are small piranhas that reach a body length of 15 to 20 cm SL (maximum up to 19 cm SL according to FishBase ). Typical of the species is the orange coloration of the cheek, humeral (shoulder) and anal region, the dark humeral spot (shoulder spot), the spots on the body and the white border of the caudal fin . Its mouth is small, the dentition similar to that of Serrasalmus rhombeus and Serrasalmus elongatus , with the exception of the missing teeth of the palatine bone (palatine) and the lower, central tips of the front teeth, which are nevertheless still high and sharp. Serrasalmus serrulatus has a high back and laterally flattened body shape. In the course of the adult stage, they develop the characteristic high back. The greenish blue color gradually disappears and changes into silvery to gray tones.
Occurrence
The main distribution area is in the Amazon basin . The species also occurs in its tributaries such as B. the Rio Xingu . Catches of this species have also been reported from Brazil , Peru and Argentina ( Rio Paraná ). S. serrulatus was also caught in the Rio Atacavi in Venezuela . Finds in the Rio Essequibo ( Guyana ) are not clearly proven.
Way of life
Serrasalmus serrulatus lives primarily in the floodplain forests of the Amazon . It belongs to the fish species of the white and black water rivers in the central Amazon. The species feeds on fruits (e.g. Burdachia prismatocarpa seeds ), whose mesocarp / pericarp they remove before cracking the seeds, and on pieces of meat from living fish. Like some other piranha species, Serrasalmus serrulatus bites and consumes fin parts and fins from other fish species. Eating habits vary in rainy and dry seasons. While seeds are mainly ingested during the rainy season in the flooded forests, Serrasalmus serrulatus feeds on carnivore during the dry season .
Research history
Serrasalmus serrulatus was as Pygopristis serrulatus in Cuvier and Valenciennes Histoire naturelle des poissons first described . The description was based on a 6 inch (15.2 cm) long specimen from the explorer François Louis Nompar de Caumont de Laporte, Count of Castelnau from the Brazilian Amazon.
literature
- Michael Goulding: The Fishes and the Forest, Explorations in Amazonian Ecology . University of California Press, 1981, ISBN 978-0520041318 .
Notes and individual references
- ↑ a b c Serrasalmus serrulatus on Fishbase.org (English)
- ^ A b Michael Goulding: The Fishes and the Forest, Explorations in Amazonian Ecology . University of California Press, 1981, ISBN 978-0520041318 .
- ↑ Mauricio Camargo, Tommaso Giarrizzo, Victoria Isaac: Review of the Geographic Distribution of Fish Fauna of the Xingu River Basin, Brazil , Ecotropica 10, 2004
- ↑ Wolfgang Schulte: Piranhas, interesting facts about biology, ecology, behavior, care and breeding and the different species , teacher library, Albrecht Philler Verlag, Minden, ISBN 3-7907-0080-0 , pp. 77-78
- ↑ Ulrich Saint-Paul, Jansen Zuanon, Marle A. Villacorta Correa, Marcelo García, Nidia Noemi Fabré, Uta Berger and Wolfgang J. Junk: Fish Communities in Central Amazonian White- and Blackwater Floodplains , Environmental Biology of Fishes, Vol. 57, No. 3, 1999
- ↑ Serrasalmus serrulatus in the Catalog of Fishes (English)
- ↑ Pygopristis serrulatus Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, naturelle Histoire des poissons. , Vol. 22, 1849, p. 300. ( Online at Biodiversity Heritage Library )