Transylvanian pearl grass

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Transylvanian pearl grass
Bekaryukovsky bor Arbuzova 17.JPG

Transylvanian pearl grass ( Melica transsilvanica )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sweet grasses (Poaceae)
Genre : Pearl grass ( Melica )
Type : Transylvanian pearl grass
Scientific name
Melica transsilvanica
Shear

The Siebenbürgische melic ( Melica transsilvanica ) is a species in the genus of melica ( Melica ) and belongs to the family of grasses .

description

The leaf sheaths are densely hairy.
Panicle
Spikelet panicle: the spikelets are dense and cover the panicle axis.
Spikelet panicle (section - anterior spikelets removed). The bracts are densely hairy.
Spikelets with glumes (Glu), fertile flower encased in cover (Lem) and palea (Pal) and elaiosome (Ela). The lower glume is only ⅓-⅔ as long as the upper.

The Transylvanian pearl grass is a perennial grass that forms clumps . It becomes 50 to 90 cm high and its stalks are usually arching overhanging. Each stalk has 3 to 7 nodes; the lower leaf sheaths are usually dense and hairy, the upper ones glabrous. The ligule is a 2 to 4 mm long, membranous, pointed edge. The leaves are mostly flat, they are 2 to 5 mm wide and clearly keeled on the underside by the protruding central rib.

The flower panicle is 5 to 8 cm long and 1 to 2 cm wide; it is dense and its main axis is covered by the numerous, 12 to 25 (up to 50) spikelets (difference to Melica ciliata ). Below the panicle there are two to three nodes, often with scales. The spikelet consists of one or two fertile and two to three sterile florets, it is 5.5 to 7 (to 8) mm long. The lemma of the lowest florets is glabrous on the back, but covered with 3 to 4 mm long eyelashes on the edge; it is yellow-green and often brown-red at the tip.

The number of chromosomes in the species is 2n = 18.

The Transylvanian pearl grass blooms between June and July and here about two weeks later than the similar ciliate pearl grass ( Melica ciliata ).

Occurrence

The distribution area is in Europe in Central and Eastern Europe, it extends west to France. In Asia, it extends east to the Urals, the Caucasus, Eastern Siberia, Mongolia and south to Turkey and Iran. The species is rarely found in Central Europe and rises from the plain to around 1680 m.

The Transylvanian pearl grass thrives on warm, dry, base-rich stone soils, preferably on shell limestone, and grows in semi-arid grassland (couch grass) or in fringing groups of light bushes. In Central Europe it is a characteristic of the Melico-transsilvanicae-Agropyretum (Convolvulo-Agropyrion), but also occurs in societies of the Geranion sanguinei or Alliarion associations.

etymology

The Transylvanian pearl grass, also called Transylvanian pearl grass, was first described as a species by the German-Austrian botanist Ferdinand Schur in his list of plants in Transylvania (now Romania) and distinguished from the similar ciliate pearl grass ( Melica ciliata ). Transylvania is Latin for Transylvania and this is where the Latin name of the species comes from.

literature

  • Hans Joachim Conert: Melica. In: Hans Joachim Conert (ed.): Illustrated flora of Central Europe . Founded by Gustav Hegi. 3rd, completely revised edition. Volume I. Part 3: Spermatophyta: Angiospermae: Monocotyledones 1 (2). Poaceae (real grasses or sweet grasses) . Parey Buchverlag, Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-8263-2868-X , p. 468-470 (published 1979-1998).
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  228 .
  2. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Melica transsilvanica. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved November 6, 2016.

Web links

Commons : Transylvanian Perlgrass ( Melica transsilvanica )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files