Soldier fish

Soldier fish
Caribbean collar soldierfish ( Myripristis jacobus )
Systematics
Sub-cohort : Neoteleostei Acanthomorphata Spinefish (Acanthopterygii) Order : Holocentriformes Family : Soldier fish and hussar fish (Holocentridae) Subfamily : Soldier fish
Scientific name
Myripristinae
Nelson , 1955

The soldier fish (Myripristinae) are mostly reddish, large-eyed fish with large, clearly visible scales and a forked caudal fin.

features

They differ from their close relatives, the hussar fish (Holocentrinae), by their taller body, the round head shape and the lack of a gill spine. Only in Corniger spinosus are there two large spines on the gill cover . The longest spine of the anal fin is usually shorter than the longest spine of the dorsal fin. The anal fin has ten to 16 soft rays. The front part of the swim bladder is divided into two or more separate chambers.

Way of life

During the day they live in groups in caves, crevices or under overhangs in the coral reefs of the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific and become active at night. Soldier fish hunt larger zooplankton in the open water near reefs. It has been observed that soldier fish of the genus Myripristis spawn in open water at night a few days after the full moon.

Systematics

Black banded soldierfish ( Myripristis adusta )

Red soldier fish ( Myripristis pralinia )

Violet soldier fish ( Myripristis violacea )

Ostichthys japonicus

Ostichthys trachypoma

There are five genera :

• Genus Corniger Agassiz in Spix & Agassiz, 1831 .
  • Corniger spinosus Agassiz in Spix & Agassiz, 1831 .
• Genus Myripristis Cuvier, 1829 .
  • Black- banded soldierfish ( Myripristis adusta ) Bleeker, 1853 .
  • Myripristis amaena (Castelnau, 1873) .
  • Myripristis astakhovi Kotlyar, 1997 .
  • Myripristis aulacodes Randall & Greenfield, 1996 .
  • Large-scale soldierfish ( Myripristis berndti ) Jordan & Evermann, 1903 .
  • Black-point soldierfish ( Myripristis botche ) Cuvier, 1829 .
  • Yellowfin soldierfish ( Myripristis chryseres ) Jordan & Evermann, 1903 .
  • Yellow soldier fish ( Myripristis clarionensis ) Gilbert, 1897 .
  • Myripristis earlei Randall, Allen & Robertson, 2003 .
  • Myripristis formosa Randall & Greenfield, 1996 .
  • Myripristis gildi Greenfield, 1965 .
  • Myripristis greenfieldi Randall & Yamakawa, 1996 .
  • Myripristis hexagona (Lacepède, 1802) .
  • Caribbean Collared Soldierfish ( Myripristis jacobus ) Cuvier at Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1829 .
  • Myripristis kochiensis Randall & Yamakawa, 1996 .
  • Pearled soldierfish ( Myripristis kuntee ) Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831 .
  • Myripristis leiognathus Valenciennes, 1846 .
  • Weißsaum soldiers Fish ( Myripristis murdjan ) (Forsskål, 1775) .
  • Red soldier fish ( Myripristis pralinia ) Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1829 .
  • Myripristis randalli Greenfield, 1974 .
  • Myripristis robusta Randall & Greenfield, 1996 .
  • Seychelles soldierfish ( Myripristis seychellensis ) Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1829 .
  • Myripristis tiki Greenfield, 1974 .
  • Myripristis trachyacron Bleeker, 1863 .
  • Violet soldier fish ( Myripristis violacea ) Bleeker, 1851 .
  • Whitetip soldierfish ( Myripristis vittata ) Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1831 .
  • Myripristis woodsi Greenfield, 1974 .
  • Myripristis xanthacra Randall & Guézé, 1981 .
• Genus Ostichthys Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1829 .
  • Ostichthys acanthorhinus Randall, Shimizu & Yamakawa, 1982 .
  • Ostichthys alamai Matsunuma et al., 2018 .
  • Ostichthys archiepiscopus (Valenciennes, 1862) .
  • Ostichthys brachygnathus Randall & Myers, 1993 .
  • Ostichthys convexus Greenfield et al., 2017 .
  • Ostichthys daniela Greenfield et al., 2017 .
  • Ostichthys delta Randall, Shimizu & Yamakawa, 1982 .
  • Ostichthys hypsipterygion Randall, Shimizu & Yamakawa, 1982 .
  • Ostichthys japonicus (Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1829) .
  • Ostichthys kaianus (Günther, 1880) .
  • Ostichthys kinchi Fricke, 2017 .
  • Ostichthys ovaloculus Randall & Wrobel, 1988 .
  • Ostichthys sandix Randall, Shimizu & Yamakawa, 1982 .
  • Ostichthys sheni Chen, Shao & Mok, 1990 .
  • Ostichthys spiniger Fricke, 2017 .
  • Ostichthys trachypoma (Günther, 1859) .
• Genus Plectrypops Gill, 1862 .
  • Plectrypops lima (Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831) .
  • Plectrypops retrospinis (Guichenot, 1853) .
• Genus Pristilepis Randall, Shimizu & Yamakawa, 1982 .
  • Pristilepis oligolepis (Whitley, 1941) .

literature

• Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World . John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7
• Hans A. Baensch / Robert A. Patzner: Mergus Sea Water Atlas Volume 6 . Mergus-Verlag, Melle, ISBN 3-88244-116-X
• Dieter Eichler / Robert F. Myers: Coral fish Indo-Pacific . Jahr-Verlag GmbG & Co., ISBN 3-86132-225-0

Web links

• Soldier fish on Fishbase.org (English)