Sparganophyll lime
The Sparganophyllum Limestone (former name: Actinocystis - Kalk) is a fossil-rich limestone in the northern Sauerland . It was deposited in the upper Middle Devon in biostromal reefs . Sparganophyllum limestones are common today north of the ebb and east Sauerland main saddle. No formations of Sparganophyllum limestone are known to the northeast of the Altenbürener Lineamentes .
The Sparganophyllumkalk reaches an average thickness of 30 m, up to 50 m in space Eslohe . Sparganophyllum limestone is an important karst and fissured aquifer in the northern Sauerland, has varying rock permeability and is used locally to supply drinking water . Sparganophyllum limestone was mined locally in various quarries in the past, including in the Nierbachtal south of Velmede , in the Elpetal near Ostwig , in the Valmetal near Bestwig , near Antfeld and in quarries near Friedrichtal.
rocks
The carbonatic rocks, described by Franz Lotze for the first time in 1928 as sparganophyllum limestone , set in with a sharp border over sandstones and slated claystones of the Upper Rensselandia layers . Initially, thin, fibrous limestone banks develop, above which the pure, mostly massive, fossil-rich limestones with the eponymous coral Sparganophyllum simplex follow. In addition to colony-forming corals come to the light to dark gray, massive reef limestones by bryozoans , rugosen corals , sponges , stromatoporoids and crinoids on. In the upper section of the profile, the Sparganophyllum limestones change into black-gray, calcareous clay slate, in which limestone banks are initially embedded. The fossil record gradually decreases and leads to the hanging Wallen slate.
education
The Sparganophyllum limestone was formed on a reef limestone platform that formed in the Central Devon in the area of what is now the northern Sauerland. In the upper Middle Devon, the area was increasingly flooded from the south and the coastline receded to the northwest. In the shallow sea areas, shallow biostromes (patch reefs) - similar to the Schwelm facies - are formed, which are present today as a narrow band of sparganophyllum limes.
Karstification
Sparganophyllum limestone is characterized by an intensive Cretaceous and Tertiary karstification . Karst caves , which like the Veleda cave are also open to tourists as visitor caves , are created in the sparganophyllum limestone . Numerous sinkholes , ponors and carts are also known in the limestone area.
Individual evidence
- ^ Fritz Kühne: Geological map of Prussia and neighboring German countries 1: 25,000, explanations to sheet 2656 (today 4614) Arnsberg-Süd. Berlin 1938, p. 11.
- ^ Artur Ebert, Horst Müller: Geological map of North Rhine-Westphalia 1: 25,000, explanations on sheet 4715 Eslohe. Krefeld 1973, p. 84.
- ↑ Profiles of the planning units in the North Rhine-Westphalian parts of the Rhine, Weser, Ems and Maas: Obere Ruhr 1 / PE_RUH_1600 ( Memento of the original from January 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed December 31, 2013.
- ^ Artur Ebert: Geological map of North Rhine-Westphalia 1: 25,000, explanations for sheet 4616 Eversberg. Krefeld 1961, p. 30.
- ^ Artur Ebert, Horst Müller: Geological map of North Rhine-Westphalia 1: 25,000, explanations on sheet 4715 Eslohe. Krefeld 1973, p. 80f.
- ^ Artur Ebert, Horst Müller: Geological map of North Rhine-Westphalia 1: 25,000, explanations on sheet 4715 Eslohe. Krefeld 1973, p. 78: Sparganophyllum simplex is today assigned to the species Dohmophyllum difficile (WEDEKIND).
- ^ Karl N. Thome: Geological map of North Rhine-Westphalia 1: 25,000, explanations for sheet 4615 Meschede. Krefeld 1968, p. 30.
- ^ Karl-Heinz Ribbert: Geology in the Rhenish Slate Mountains, Part 2 Bergisches Land . Geological Service NRW (Ed.), Krefeld 2012, ISBN 978-3-86029-935-7 , p. 48ff.
- ^ LWL: Karst in Westphalia , accessed on December 31, 2013.
