race
Lawn describes an anthropogenic vegetation cover made of grass , which is connected to the vegetation layer by roots and runners , lies in the settlement area of the people and is not used for agriculture. Lawn is found in gardens , parks or sports facilities , for example in stadiums or on golf courses (“ golf turf”) and tennis courts (“tennis turf”). It is usually cut short.
properties
A characteristic of the lawn is the regular mowing of the growing grass to a height of one to ten centimeters, but in some cases it is only four to five millimeters during the growing season (putting green on golf courses). Grass areas that are seldom mowed and whose vegetation therefore grows taller are called meadows .
species
Since there are no legal standards, any seed manufacturer can sell lawn seeds under any name; Therefore, low-priced mixtures often contain forage grass, which is replaced by wild herbs such as dandelions in the following year. The only quality standard for lawn seed is the regular seed mix (RSM) developed for tenders and public building projects ( DIN 18917 and DIN 18035, Part 4, Sports fields - lawns). These mixtures are broken down according to the uses of the lawns. Typical types of lawn grass are German ryegrass ( Lolium perenne ), bluegrass ( Poa ), fescue ( Festuca ) and ostrich grass ( Agrostis ).
The most frequently used type of lawn is the grass for use , often in the special form of sports and play lawns, which are robust but must be mowed weekly. A shear lawn or ornamental lawn , such as the so-called English lawn, cannot be stressed in the first two years after sowing, but is particularly hard-wearing afterwards. He needs a mowing interval of five to seven days and a high use of fertilizer. Shade lawns can cope with little sunlight and do not tolerate direct sunlight.
Regular seed mix (RSM)
In the absence of a statutory regulation, the consumer can use the following standard seed mixtures as a guide :
RSM 1.1 Zierrasen RSM 2.1 Gebrauchsrasen Standard RSM 2.2 Gebrauchsrasen Trockenlage RSM 2.3 Gebrauchsrasen Spielrasen RSM 2.4 Gebrauchsrasen Kräuterrasen RSM 3.1 Sportrasen Neuanlage RSM 3.2 Sportrasen Regeneration RSM 4.1 Golfrasen Grün RSM 4.2 Golfrasen Vorgrün RSM 4.3 Golfrasen Abschlag RSM 4.4 Golfrasen Spielbahnen RSM 4.5 Golfrasen Halbrauhflächen RSM 4.6 Golfrasen Verbindungswege RSM 5.1 Parkplatzrasen RSM 6.1 Extensive Dachbegrünung RSM 7.1.1 Landschaftsrasen Standard ohne Kräuter RSM 7.1.2 Landschaftsrasen Standard mit Kräutern RSM 7.2.1 Landschaftsrasen Trockenlagen ohne Kräuter RSM 7.2.2 Landschaftsrasen Trockenlagen mit Kräutern RSM 7.3.1 Landschaftsrasen Feuchtlagen ohne Kräuter RSM 7.4.1 Landschaftsrasen Halbschatten ohne Kräuter
Lawn care
Lawn care requires different activities. First of all, mowing should be mentioned here, see also lawn mower . Depending on the tool that is used for mowing, the clippings must be removed using a rake . Furthermore, fertilization , scarifying , aerating and top dressing play an important role in lawn care. For an even lawn requires the reseeding . Lawn care also includes sprinkling (artificial irrigation ), fighting moss or clover, killing weeds and sanding. If the lawn shows yellowish discolouration, this is an indicator of a lack of necessary soil nutrients. Especially when the pH of the soil falls below or exceeds the usual limits, it may be necessary to lime the lawn. If the lawn care is not carried out regularly, a uniform lawn cannot be created.
Ecological importance
The ecological importance of the lawns that dominate German gardens (in the form of English lawns) is extremely low. In a trimmed lawn, there are no more than a dozen grasses per square meter. These do not provide a habitat for the vast majority of insects and animals. One square meter of a flowery meadow, on the other hand, can accommodate up to 3,000 individual plants with 60 plant species, which form a valuable habitat for numerous insects (including endangered butterfly species).
See also
literature
- Christa Lung: The perfect lawn: create and care for it correctly. Stuttgart: Ulmer 2017; ISBN 978-3-8186-0110-2 (4th edition)
- Klaus Müller-Beck, Fritz Lord, Christine Weidenweber: Lawn - in the green area: Everything you always wanted to know about beautiful lawns. Schwarzenbek: Cadmos Verlag 2013; ISBN 978-3-8404-7518-4
Web links
- Lawn and meadow in the house garden (PDF; 134 kB) ( Memento from April 19, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- House meadow instead of English lawn ( Memento from April 19, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- Lawn seeds tested by NDR , accessed on June 1, 2018
Individual evidence
- ↑ Grass Growing Time-Lapse - 10 days | Break through. Retrieved September 25, 2019 .
- ↑ Lawn seeds in the test. In: NDR. May 28, 2018, accessed June 1, 2018 .
- ↑ Lawn seeds in the test - lawn types. In: NDR. May 28, 2018, accessed June 1, 2018 .
- ↑ Lawn seeds in the test - regular seed mixtures. In: NDR. May 28, 2018, accessed June 1, 2018 .