Language Atlas of Bavarian Swabia

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The Language Atlas of Bavarian Swabia (SBS) records and documents the linguistic geography of the dialects in Bavarian Swabia . It is being created as part of the Bavarian “ Bavarian Language Atlas ” project.

method

Study area

The study area is based on the neighboring projects Southwest German Language Atlas (SSA) and Vorarlberg Language Atlas (VALTS) . In the south, the Bavarian Allgäu south of Kempten was not recorded because it is already treated in the VALTS. In the north and east, parts of Bavarian Swabia were extended to Middle Franconia and Upper Bavaria . The expansion to the east had the advantage that the transition area from Swabian to Bavarian was included. Of the 1135 old communities in the study area before the regional reform of 1972 , 272 appear as recording points in the SBS.

Explorers

Starting in 1984, three explorers trained in linguistics were on the road for the SBS (Manfred Renn, Edith Funk and Brigitte Schwarz). They were each responsible for a number of locations that are in a closed area. In this way, it can be traced on the maps whether an alleged language boundary corresponds to the actual circumstances or whether there are perhaps only certain explorer-specific writing habits.

Side projects

Two further corpora were collected as part of the SBS surveys:

  • In order to determine the language variety closest to the standard language, a list of almost 400 words was also presented to an informant at most of the recording locations with the request to read it out. This questioning was recorded on tape. 241 such recordings are available. These reading lists were evaluated as part of Bernadette Wecker's dissertation.
  • In order to gain knowledge about dialect spelling, a list of almost 200 words was presented to an informant at most of the recording locations, with instructions to translate them into the local dialect. There are 235 such writing lists with dialectal lay writings. In the context of Stefan Kleiner's dissertation, these dialect scripts were compared with the sounds recorded at the same time using a direct method.

Informants

At each location, around three informants were selected who were ready to answer the questions for a week. Only locals who had spent most of their lives in the place and whose parents and ideally their grandparents came from the place came into question as informants. As a rule, these criteria were only met by people who worked in agriculture. Only a few informants were members of the old trade. The median age was 72 years. A total of around 950 informants were interviewed.

survey

The questioning of the informants took place in the winter months, as most of the informants were active in agriculture and therefore could not find any time in the summer. On average, it took five days to complete a survey at a survey location. The explorers wrote down the answers of the informants directly in the phonetic transcription Teuthonista in the questionnaire. A questionnaire sequence was recorded on audio cassettes for control purposes. Photos or sketches were made to record factual differences.

The results of the survey are:

  • 70,000 transcribed pages of paper
  • 400 hours of sound recording
  • 1,000 photos

Question book

The content of the questionnaire is closely based on the questionnaires that were used to collect data from the Linguistic Atlas of German-speaking Switzerland , the Vorarlberg Linguistic Atlas and the Southwest German Linguistic Atlas in order to ensure the later comparability of the material offered in these atlas works. The SBS questionnaire contains a total of 2237 individual questions on sound, grammar and vocabulary. It is structured according to subject areas that encompass the entire rural area. Subject areas are e.g. B. Cattle and their care , haymaking , wagons , carts , cider mill , house , man or animals living in the wild .

Data acquisition and mapping

The recording protocols were entered into the computer in a coded form and converted back into phonetic transcription using the TeuTeX typesetting program, as there is no Word-compatible Teuthonista font. With the help of the Augustaplot software package, symbol cards are created in which one symbol represents the original document at one location. There are three different types of cards: phonetic cards, shape cards, and word cards, plus extensive card comments.

history

  • 1976: Development of a bibliography on dialect research in Bavarian Swabia
  • 1980: Test shots by Werner König with the SSA's questionnaire
  • 1984: Final version of the questionnaire drawn up, training of the explorers
  • Autumn 1984: Start of dialect recordings, sponsored by the German Research Foundation , the Swabian District, the Free State of Bavaria and the University of Augsburg
  • 1985: EDP recording of the collected data begins
  • 1989: Completion of the survey phase
  • 1990: Completion of the data processing, preparation of the publication phase
  • 1991: Start of work on volumes 2 to 6
  • 1996: Start of publication with volume 2 (word geography I)
  • 2009: Completion of the publication with a total of 14 volumes

publication

The publication began in 1996 with the second volume and was completed in 2006.

  • Vol. 1: Introduction ( Werner König ): 1997
  • Vol. 2: Word Geography I (Christine Feik). The human body / physical and mental expressions / the human community / clothing: 1996
  • Vol. 3: Lautgeographie I: Vowel Quantities (Manfred Renn): 1997
  • Vol. 4: Lautgeographie II: Kurzvokale (Heike Heidenreich): 1999
  • Vol. 5: Lautgeographie III: Long vowels / Diphthongs (Susanne Kuffer): 1998
  • Vol. 6: Geography of Forms I: Verbum (Edith Funk): 1998
  • Vol. 7.1: Lautgeographie IV: Consonantism I (Sabine Ihle). Plosives 2001
  • Vol. 7.2: Lautgeographie IV: Consonantism II (Sabine Ihle, Michael Köck, Andrea Zeisberger, Sabine Pfrenger). Fricatives, affricates, liquids, nasals, semi-consonants: 2003
  • Vol. 8: Word Geography II (Manfred Renn). Farmhouse / Apartment and furnishings / Weather phenomena / Free animals / Plants, fruit and vegetables / Cider factory / Flowers: 2000
  • Vol. 9.1: Geography of Forms II: Nouns I (Andrea Zeisberger). Nouns, Article: 2003
  • Vol. 9.2: Geography of Forms II: Nomen II (Andrea Zeisberger). Pronouns, adjectives, numerals, place and direction adverbs, syntax: 2003
  • Vol. 10: Word Geography III (Edith Funk). Time management and greetings / games and toys / nutrition, cooking and baking / housework / farmers and workers / adverbs: 2005
  • Vol. 11: Word Geography IV (Lars Löber). Cattle and milk processing / Pigs, goats, sheep, horses / Poultry farming and beekeeping / Other domestic animals: 2001
  • Vol. 12: Word Geography V (Manfred Renn, Edith Funk). Terrain, soil, agriculture / grain / fertilization and haymaking / hemp and flax: 2006
  • Vol. 13: Word Geography VI (Andrea Hirt). Forest, wood and fences / Transport / Baskets / Containers and supporting frames: 2005
  • Vol. 14: Register tape (Edith Funk et al.). With an index of contents and words: 2009

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