St. Mauritius Church (Horsten)
The Evangelical Lutheran St. Mauritius Church is a single-nave apse - hall church in Horsten , a district of the East Frisian community Friedeburg . The Romanesque church is named after its former patron saint Mauritius . It is designated as an architectural monument .
history
The house of worship stands on an artificially raised terp . It had at least two predecessor churches made of wood, the origins of which go back to the time before the turn of the first millennium. As archaeological excavations have shown, the wooden chapel was a rectangular building of slightly smaller dimensions than the current church and was about two and a half meters lower than today's floor level.
Construction of the brick church began in the first half of the 13th century. First of all, a granite ashlar base was created on which the actual structure was erected. During the chief feuds at the end of the 14th century, the building was badly damaged and then gradually repaired over a long period of time. During the Thirty Years' War the Church was again badly affected. The entire inventory was destroyed by the troops of the Protestant military leader Peter Ernst II von Mansfeld . It was replaced by donations and gifts in the following decades. The oldest piece of equipment is therefore the pulpit. It was made in 1655 by the Esensian sculptor and wood carver Jacob Cröpelin and shows the feast of Christ on four fields . The altar with the image of the Last Supper and the depiction of the crucifixion was erected in 1666. Its creator is unknown. The baptismal font was donated in 1696.
If the building ground was too soft, the bells were erected free-standing in East Friesland, as was the case in Horsten. The tower bears the year 1645, but it may also be older.
organ
The organ was built between 1731 and 1733 by Samuel Schröder from Jever . It is the only organ that Schröder has known so far. The builder died a month after the instrument was completed. Seven to eight registers have been preserved . It has a total of 18 registers and is one of the treasures of the organ landscape . Just two years later, the organ was renovated and retuned by Johann Dietrich Busch from Itzehoe. There are reports of repair work from the years 1771, 1789, 1836 and 1857. The instrument underwent the most drastic change in 1907. In that year Johann Martin Schmid from Oldenburg replaced the sharp and buzzing registers with romantic voices in line with contemporary tastes. In 1917, the prospect pipes had to be handed over to be melted down as material essential to the war effort. Only in 1927 could they be replaced by zinc pipes. The organ building workshop P. Furtwängler & Hammer from Hanover added a sub-bass 16 ′ to the instrument as an independent pedal register on a pneumatically controlled wind chest. In 1955/56, the Alfred Führer organ building workshop from Wilhelmshaven reconstructed the original layout and also built a new, independent pedal mechanism with three registers and two vacant positions behind the main case. In 1985 the instrument was repaired again and the color of the casing was removed. Today it shows its original, only slightly tinted oak again.
Disposition:
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P
See also
literature
- Hermann Haiduck: The architecture of the medieval churches in the East Frisian coastal area . 2nd Edition. Ostfriesische Landschaftliche Verlags- und Vertriebs-GmbH, Aurich 2009, ISBN 978-3-940601-05-6 , p. 64 ff., 77, 80, 86, 94, 139, 219, 221 .
Web links
- Ev.-luth. Church district Harlingerland: St. Mauritius Church Horsten
- Genealogy forum: Horsten
- Monika van Lengen: Friedeburg - Mauritius Church in Horsten (PDF file)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Monika van Lengen: Friedeburg - Mauritius Church in Horsten , viewed on September 4, 2010 (PDF file).
- ↑ Reinhard Ruge (NOMINE eV): Horsten, St. Mauritius Orgel by Samuel Schröder (1731–33) , viewed on September 4, 2010.
Coordinates: 53 ° 27 '9 " N , 7 ° 56' 31.4" E