St. Jakob on the Hülben

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Jakobskirche in 1724

St. Jakob auf der Hülben was a Roman Catholic church with an associated nunnery in Vienna's Stubenviertel. It no longer exists since 1784.

Location

The church and monastery were located in the Stubenviertel, one of the historic quarters of the old town of Vienna. The church building with the adjoining cloister was on the site of today's Stubenbastei 6–8, the other buildings including the monastery cemetery extended over an area that is now the streets of Riemergasse 7, Zedlitzgasse 2–4, Stubenbastei 6–12, An der Hülben 1– 3 and Jakobergasse 1–5 and 6–8. The nickname on the Hülben goes back to a former small pond that was located there and with which the area was referred to for a long time.

history

The origin of the Augustinian women's choir monastery St. Jakob auf der Hülben is not exactly known. In any case, it is mentioned in 1236 as already existing. It was presumed that it originated either from a chapel foundation by Duke Leopold V in 1190 or because of the fabulous alluvial surface of a wooden statue of St. James in the nearby river Wien .

In 1301 the monastery was placed under the supervision of the monastery of Klosterneuburg . Foundations and donations flowed to him from both the nobility and the Viennese bourgeoisie; the women chiefs came mainly from the nobility. Between 1463 and 1470 the Maria Magdalenen Monastery in front of the Schottentor was subordinate to him.

The church, which at that time consisted of a rectangular two-aisled room in which four altars and five chapels were housed, burned down on July 18, 1525 in a major city fire, but the monastery and parts of the cloister were saved. But a short time later, during the first Turkish siege of Vienna in 1529, the monastery, which was close to the city wall, was badly shelled. During the following Reformation, the number of women religious in 1544 decreased to 17, in 1560 to 3 and in 1572 to only 2. During the tenure of Dorothea von Puchheim (1575–1594) there was an upswing and between 1586 and 1603 the Jakobskloster even managed the Himmelpfortkloster.

After the already damaged church vault collapsed during an earthquake in 1590, after an appeal by Cardinal Melchior Khlesl , the building was re-vaulted, which in the following time was described as one of the most beautifully decorated places of worship in Vienna. In 1627 the monastery building burned down during a renewed city fire, whereby the archive was lost. During the second Turkish siege of Vienna in 1683, the nuns temporarily left the city and fled to Linz , from where they returned in 1684.

Under the superior Augustina von Puchheim (1714-1722) the momentous decision was made to stop school lessons in the monastery. Since the establishment of a normal school, suggested by Maria Theresa, did not materialize either, Emperor Joseph II abolished the monastery on September 25, 1783, as it had no public use according to Josephinism . As a result, the nuns had to move out on March 1, 1784, the church and monastery, which had fallen to the state, were cleared, demolished and the land was sold. When the crypt was cleared, 737 bodies were exhumed and buried in the Sankt Marxer Friedhof . The wooden figure of St. Jakobus was taken with him by the last superior and came to the Ursuline monastery via Klemens Maria Hofbauer in 1817 and finally to the Vienna Cathedral and Diocesan Museum in 1960 .

On the site of the former monastery, new streets and buildings were built in the 19th century (such as today's Stubenbastei grammar school ), the names Jakoberhof and Jakobergasse go back to the church and monastery.

literature

Web links

Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 24.4 "  N , 16 ° 22 ′ 41.1"  E