St. Nikolai (Treuenbrietzen)
The town church St. Nikolai in Treuenbrietzen is a brick church in the transition style between late Romanesque and early Gothic in the district of Potsdam-Mittelmark in Brandenburg . It belongs to the Catholic parish Treuenbrietzen in the Archdiocese of Berlin . It is the only medieval church in the Mark Brandenburg to have a crossing tower and can be visited upon registration.
History and architecture
The construction of the Church of St. Nikolai began around 1220/1230 as a three-aisled cruciform pillar basilica made of brick in a bound system similar to the neighboring St. Mary's Church . In contrast to this, however, she had no secondary choirs from the start. The apses are attached to the choir and the transept arms. The parts to the east of the triumphal arch are essentially unchanged and show the brick ornaments that are characteristic of the second quarter of the 13th century. The main apse has five narrow lancet windows ; therebetween are services provided with three narrow ridges. The side apses are provided with cross-arch friezes. The gables are decorated with soaring arched friezes and dazzling rosettes.
Portals are arranged on the transept fronts, on the north side of the choir and in the west facade. The transept fronts also show a large arched window each, while the window on the west facade has been renewed in the Gothic style. The upper part of the mighty crossing tower has biforic windows under a pointed arch cover and a double German band under the eaves. The octagonal top with a curved hood was added in 1776.
The longhouse is greatly changed; on the outside, only the upper clad windows arranged in pairs have been partially preserved. On the south wall of the choir, slightly removed from the apse, is a late Gothic sacristy with star vaults in two bays, which is inscribed on the year 1519. Inside, only the eastern parts have retained the original simple and noble character. The apses are relatively wide and low with a blunt pointed arch in the openings as well as finely crafted fighters and bases. The crossing pillars and their arches are partly multi-tiered. The choir vault is older than that in the Marienkirche; the ribs here have a double bulge, while those in the cross arms are enriched with an angular rod, similar to that in St. Mary's Church. The crossing vault was later broken out and the associated vaulting templates in the central nave were removed down to below the warriors.
In the central nave, three square yokes with ribbed vaults with stepped straps have been preserved. The associated pillars are square with rectangular templates that surround the arcades as panels. In the past, this included round services with cube capitals, while the intermediate pillars are weaker.
The south aisle is completely separated and modernized. The groin vaults in the north aisle have probably been changed several times.
A restoration was carried out from 1969 to 1976, during which the remains of a Deesis representation in the dome of the main apse from the first half of the 15th century were uncovered. The church of St. Nikolai was provided with modern equipment after the restoration.
literature
- Ernst Badstübner: City churches of the Mark Brandenburg. 1st edition. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Berlin 1982, p. 205.
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Brandenburg. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-422-03054-9 , pp. 1063-1064.
Web links
- Entry in the monument database of the State of Brandenburg
- Website of the Catholic parish Treuenbrietzen
- Romanesque routes in Berlin and Brandenburg - Treuenbrietzen St. Marien and St. Nikolai
Individual evidence
- ↑ Information on the pages of the support group for old churches in Brandenburg. Retrieved June 29, 2020 .
Coordinates: 52 ° 5 '43 " N , 12 ° 52' 13.9" E