St. Peter and Paul (Kranenburg)

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St. Peter and Paul in Kranenburg
Central nave
Choir room
Cross altar
Mary altar and organ
Ambo

The Catholic parish church of St. Peter and Paul in Kranenburg is also the pilgrimage church of the Miraculous Cross and was a collegiate church from 1436 to 1802 under the patronage of St. Martin.

Building history

A first church existed in Kranenburg at the latest in 1277. After the discovery of the Kranenburg cross in 1308 and the beginning of the pilgrimage, a new building was probably completed in the 14th century, which was replaced by the late Gothic pseudo-basilica, which was built between 1409 and 1436 and still exists today. It was designed primarily by the builder Gisbert Schairt von Zaltbommel , who also worked on the Stevenskerk in Nijmegen and the Viktorskirche in Xanten .

In 1436, Duke Adolf II of Kleve had the Zyfflicher Stift relocated to the parish church of St. Peter and Paul in Kranenburg, which was rebuilt in these decades with funds from the Kranenburg cruise pilgrimage . In addition to the argument that the walled city of Kranenburg could offer the canons more security than the village of Zyfflich, located directly on the border with the Duchy of Geldern , the Duke's efforts to gain more influence over the monastery also played a role. In the 16th century the humanist Johann von Vlatten was provost of the monastery. The gradual decline in the pilgrimage prevented the completion of the building according to the original plans. A generously planned ambulatory was not built, and the tower was left as an unfinished stump, which was topped up with a slate dome shortly before the First World War. The Martinsstift existed in Kranenburg until the secularization in 1802.

At the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, the church was thoroughly renovated after centuries of neglect, but was badly damaged in the war winter of 1944/45 (loss of all nave roofs and the vaults below, broken walls, bullet holes). The reconstruction, largely true to the original, began in 1949 and was completed in 1970.

Furnishing

Despite considerable losses as a result of secularization, sales and the destruction of the war, the church has retained a wealth of furnishings.

Altars

The cross altar is an Antwerp reredos from the 16th century. The shrine and painted wings were destroyed during World War II. Since the figures were preserved with a few exceptions, the altarpiece could be reconstructed and re-erected.

The high altar in its current conception dates from around 1900. The large upper altar wings date from 1563, the small lower ones were recreated at the turn of the century. The neo-Gothic shrine houses some figures from the 15th century.

The Marienaltar is a work from Ferdinand Langenberg's workshop and dates from the beginning of the 20th century.

Figures and paintings

A large number of sculptures and sculptures have been preserved from the old abbey. Particularly noteworthy are the Christophorus from the first half of the 16th century and an altar panel depicting the Calvary from around 1430.

Stone carvings

In the western yoke of the ship of Mary is the hexagonal baptismal font from 1448, a masterpiece of late Gothic with tracery. In the choir of the south aisle there is a turret in the form of a sacrament house , which is still destroyed by the war and in which the Kranenburg shrine is kept (reconstruction since 2008). Behind the cross altar are the remains of the rood screen , which was torn down after 1802 ; the (today headless) figures on the consoles show Saint Martin, Peter and an unidentifiable person. A few years ago, the old grave slabs that had been erected in the churchyard for years were moved back into the interior of the church.

window

The only window with original parts from the Middle Ages that has survived is a crucifixion group, which is now installed in the choir of the south aisle. A fragment of a representation of the Mother of God with the Baby Jesus is in the Katharinenhof Museum . The modern windows in the choir by Johannes Beeck thematize the sacraments, the large west window by Vincenz Pieper under the tower depicts the apocalypse. A small window in the organ gallery was made by the Kranenburg artist Johann Peter Heek .

Ivory carvings

The valuable ivory works from the Zyfflich monastery were sold to New York and Münster at the beginning of the 20th century.

organ

The organ , installed in 1958 by the Speith-Orgelbau company from Rietberg , was rebuilt and expanded in 2004.

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
1. Pommer 16 ′
2. Principal 08th'
3. Chamois flute 08th'
4th octave 04 ′
5. flute 04 ′
6th Night horn 02 ′
7th Mixture V 01 1 ⁄ 3  ′
8th. Trumpet 08th'
II Swell C – g 3
09. Reed flute 08th'
10. Salicional 08th'
11. Vox Coelestis 08th'
12. Principal 04 ′
13. recorder 04 ′
14th Schwiegel 02 ′
15th Septim sesquial III
16. Scharff IV 01'
17th Dulcian 16 ′
III Rückpositiv C – g 3
18th Flute principal 8th'
19th Drone 8th'
20th Dues flute 4 ′
21st Principal 2 ′
22nd Larigot 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
23. Zimbel III 1 ⁄ 2 ′
24. musette 8th'
Pedal C – f 1
25th Sub bass 16 ′
26th Soft bass 16 ′
27. Principal bass 08th'
28. Covered bass 08th'
29 Choral bass 04 ′
30th Flat flute 02 ′
31. Back set III 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
32. bassoon 16 ′
  • Coupling : II / I, III / I, I / P, II / P, III / P.

Bells

There is a three-part bell in the tower. The St. Peter's Bell, cast by Gerhardus van Wou in 1474, is particularly outstanding . The baroque bell of Mary was cast by Johann van Trier in 1644 . The Van Triers were known beyond the borders of Aachen . The Michael Bell was cast in 1959 by the company Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock in Gescher and replaces a previous bell that was lost in the Second World War .

Surname Peter Bell Michael's Bell Marienbell
Caster Gerhardus van Wou Petit & Gebr. Edelbrock Johann IV of Trier
Casting year 1474 1959 1644
diameter 1442 mm 1115 mm 1004 mm
Weight (approx.) 2100 kg 850 720 kg
Chime it'+8 ges'+8 as'+3

Pastor since secularization

Pilgrim's gate (west portal) from the inside
  • 1802–1835 Johannes Everhard Neuy
  • 1835–1857 Anton Theodor Joseph Georgi
  • 1858–1889 Anton Kleuter
  • 1889–1894 Hermann Wesselmann
  • 1894–1920 August Fugmann
  • 1920–1938 Theodor Schmitz
  • 1938–1946 Paul Höynck
  • 1946–1954 Franz Demers
  • 1954–1974 Heinrich Brey
  • 1974–2008 Franz Günter Aengenheyster
  • since 2008 Christoph Scholten

Web links

Commons : St. Peter and Paul (Kranenburg)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

  • Robert Scholten : Cranenburg and his pen , Kleve 1902.
  • Heinrich M. Schwarz: The church architecture of the late Gothic on the Lower Rhine , Bonn 1938.
  • Kirchbauverein Kranenburg (ed.): Kranenburg. An old sanctuary of the Lower Rhine , Kranenburg 1950.
  • Friedrich Gorissen : Kranenburg. A sanctuary of the Lower Rhine , Kranenburg 1953.
  • Hans-Peter Hilger: Kleve district , vol. 5: Kranenburg - Zyfflich (= The monuments of the Rhineland, vol. 7). Rheinland-Verlag Schwann, Düsseldorf 1970.
  • Manuel Hagemann: Destruction and reconstruction of the Kranenburg parish church of St. Peter and Paul. An overview . In: Van toen naar nu. Driemaandelijks tijdschrift van de Heemkundekring "De Duffelt" , ISSN  0166-6428 , vol. 36 (2006), issue 2, pp. 6-12.

Footnotes

  1. ^ Heinrich Janssen : Pilgrimages on the Lower Rhine . In: Heinrich Janssen, Udo Grote (Hg :): Two millennia history of the church on the Lower Rhine . Dialogverlag, Münster 1998, ISBN 978-3-933144-02-7 , pp. 397-411, therein pp. 402-403: Kranenburger Kreuz .

See also

Coordinates: 51 ° 47 ′ 23 "  N , 6 ° 0 ′ 21"  E