Stadtwerke Solingen (supply department)

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Utilities department of Stadtwerke Solingen GmbH
legal form GmbH
founding 1935
Seat Solingen , North Rhine-Westphalia
management Andreas Schwarberg, Chairman of the Management Board
Number of employees 526.5 (supply and transport, including training, as of September 30, 2018)
sales 228,089,792.15 euros
Branch Energy supply / service
Website www.stadtwerke-solingen.de
Status: 2019

Main building of the Stadtwerke Solingen, Beethovenstr. 210

The public supply of electricity and natural gas in Solingen is the task of the supply department of Stadtwerke Solingen GmbH . It belongs to the Stadtwerke Solingen group. Stadtwerke Solingen GmbH also has other business areas that are organizationally separated from the supply department. The traffic department of Stadtwerke Solingen GmbH operates the city's local public transport, including trolleybuses . Through the 100% subsidiary of Stadtwerke Solingen GmbH, SWS Netze Solingen GmbH , Stadtwerke GmbH is also the basic supplier in the Solingen network area.

The historical roots of the utilities department of Stadtwerke Solingen GmbH go back to 1935. By merging the municipal electricity, gas and waterworks, the “Stadtwerke Solingen” was founded in that year. In 1958, the previously independent company “Solinger Verkehrsbetriebe”, which emerged from an independent transport company founded in 1896, was transferred to the responsibility of the Solingen public utility.

The pool company, which belonged to the Stadtwerke until the end of 1963, was spun off on January 1, 1964 from the responsibility of the Stadtwerke. In 1970 its own heating and power plant was put into operation. In 1995 Stadtwerke Solingen was transformed into a limited liability company (GmbH) with the city of Solingen as the sole shareholder.

In the course of the requirements of the German legislator for unbundling under company law, SWS Netze Solingen GmbH was founded on October 1, 2005. It is responsible for the operation, maintenance and expansion of the Solingen electricity and gas networks, including the existing systems.

In 2002 MVV Energie AG, Mannheim , with a stake of 49.9%, became a partner of Stadtwerke Solingen GmbH in the supply sector. In 2012 the city of Solingen bought back the shares of MVV Energie AG in the supply sector. This means that Stadtwerke Solingen GmbH is once again a 100% municipal company (holding company of the City of Solingen mbH: 91.5%, Stadt-Sparkasse Solingen: 8.5%).

On January 1, 2015, the drinking water supply area was transferred to the city's own water supply Solingen (EBW). The extraction, treatment and quality assurance of the water, however, remained the responsibility of Stadtwerke Solingen GmbH.

Company history

Prehistory and foundation

The first gasworks in today's Solingen city area, built and operated by the private "Gas-Aktien-Kommandit-Gesellschaft W. Ritter & Co.", began operations on October 19, 1859. It is the oldest branch of the Solingen municipal utility and, in addition to public street lamps, also supplied private houses with gas.

In 1883 the city of Solingen began operating its first waterworks. The system of water supply via pumps and wells that had existed up to then was gradually replaced by a central water supply. This waterworks included a pumping station in the Grunenburg estate and an earth container on the Krahenhöhe.

From 1897, the "power station for generating electricity" from the Robert Paffrath Wwe company in Müngsten supplied electricity to Solingen. To this end, the city of Solingen had signed a contract with the Paffrath company in 1896, in which the company undertook to supply the city exclusively with electricity. The first electrical current on August 1, 1897 reached some parts of the city, partly via overhead lines and partly through underground cables. Due to the increasing demand for electricity, two more powerful water turbines and a steam engine were installed in the Paffrath brothers' power station in the same year. With the expansion of the pipeline network, the capital requirements of the Paffrath company also increased. That is why it merged in 1897 with the “Society for Electrical Enterprises”, which from now on operated the “Bergisches Electricitätswerk” (BEW) company. The city of Solingen transferred the electricity supply contracts to this new company, which was inaugurated on June 30, 1898.

The first converter stations were built in the villages of Kohlfurth, Löhdorf and Leichlingen. In Kohlfurth, a converter station of the BEW has been supplying the hosts with luminous flux in the evenings since 1899 and at the same time enabled four arc lamps to be operated. The latter can be seen as the first electric street lighting in Solingen.

In the town of Burg, a district of Solingen since 1975, Arnold Schröder built a power station to set up public street lighting from 1901.

With the construction of the Solingen dam near Glüder, which was inaugurated in 1903, a city-owned power plant was finally created - fed by the water of the Wupper and the dam - which has since provided the city of Solingen with light and electricity. In the field of power, this was done in competition with the BEW. The businesses and households in the neighboring towns of Höhscheid (since 1898), Ohligs, Gräfrath and Wald (since 1901) continued to receive power and light from the BEW. This was acquired in 1906 by the Rheinisch-Westfälische Elektrizitätswerk (RWE) , but operated under its previous name until 1923. In 1911, the city of Solingen went over to third-party purchases from RWE and since then has been distributing light and power in its city area on its own. In Gräfrath, Höhscheid, Ohligs and Wald the RWE supplied and distributed light and power up to the last lamp. On April 1, 1924, the entire high-voltage network of the city of Solingen was purchased by RWE.

In the neighboring towns of Solingen, urban gas and water works were gradually being built. After the city union of 1929, in which the previously independent cities of Gräfrath, Solingen, Höhscheid, Ohligs and Wald were combined to form the city of Solingen, these were combined with the local electricity suppliers to form the "municipal gas, water and electricity works". In 1935 these supply facilities were given the name "Stadtwerke Solingen" (SWS). The year is therefore considered to be the founding year of today's Stadtwerke Solingen GmbH.

Second World War

During the Second World War, the supply of electricity customers in Solingen was more severely affected by the drafting of technicians and fitters from the Solingen municipal utility than by direct effects of the war. Solingen was also largely spared from restrictions and adjustments to the centrally controlled electricity supply in the German Reich. It was not until 1943 that there were urgent appeals to save electricity and gas in businesses and households. Air raids in November 1944 laid large parts of Solingen - and thus also the systems and lines for the power supply of the Solingen municipal utilities and the RWE - in ruins. Thousands of meters and house connections were destroyed and the substation on Weyersberg as well as switchgear and support facilities on Friedrichstrasse and Bismarckstrasse suffered severe damage.

Of far greater importance for the collapse of the energy supply, however, were the damage caused by the strategic aerial warfare against the facilities of the mineral oil, electricity and gas industries as well as against the transport system. The rapid repair of destroyed power cables and parts of the overhead line network was therefore of little use - the electricity supplies initially failed to materialize. Due to the desperate supply situation in the period after the end of the war, there were repeated restrictions on electricity consumption until the early 1950s.

As a result of the attacks on Solingen in 1944, the municipal water supply was also impaired and the inflow from the Glüder pumping station was paralyzed. The other waterworks, however, were still working. Only Alt-Solingen was affected by the water failure. Old wells were (again) used temporarily there. Some gas containers - since 1930 no gas has been produced in Solingen, but long-distance gas has been obtained - were also damaged as a result of the war.

post war period

In the post-war years, regulated gas, water and electricity supplies were no longer possible. The work of the municipal utilities was mainly determined by the economic hardship and the rationing of gas and electricity. For a long time they were busy repairing war damage in the pipe network and on the plant facilities. There was also a general lack of meters.

After 1948, the general economic upturn also made itself felt in the demand for gas from all consumer groups. Stadtwerke Solingen laid pipes, made house connections, installed gas meters or replaced them. The street lighting was also expanded. Since January 1, 1949, the public health baths and the two municipal outdoor pools in Heide and Ittertal have also been part of the municipal utilities in terms of economic and administrative aspects. At that time, the Solingen public utilities owned four branches of operation: electricity, gas, water and baths. On April 1, 1953, the city of Solingen took over the RWE low-voltage network in the districts of Gräfrath, Höhscheid, Ohligs and Wald. The tasks of the electricity company increased many times over.

In the following years, the focus was on expanding the cable and overhead line network and converting the low-voltage network to 3 x 380/220 volts in conjunction with an external company. In addition to the overhaul of the existing power grid, one of the main tasks was to create sufficient voltage conditions in the long term by commissioning new transformer stations. On April 5, 1966, the conversion of the electricity supply network in Solingen was completed. The total cost was DM 15 million. The electricity company, also known internally by Stadtwerke Solingen as Eltwerk, now had 372 modern network districts.

Emerging from an independent transport company founded by Union-Elektricitäts-Betrieb (UEG) in 1896 to operate the Solingen Stadtbahn, the Solingen transport company was also included in the area of ​​responsibility of Stadtwerke Solingen in early 1958. The thus combined business operations (Dept. Supply of Baths and Dept. Transport) operated under the old name "Stadtwerke Solingen".

On behalf of the city building authority, the power plant began converting and expanding the electrical street lighting in 1959. In 1961 there were just as many electric and gas lights in Solingen (2,780 each).

On January 1, 1964, the pool company was spun off from the responsibility of the municipal utilities.

The announcement by the public utility company in 1968 that it would switch the gas supply from city gas to natural gas was the decisive factor in implementing the long-planned abolition of gas street lighting. On July 1, 1968, the new construction and maintenance of the street lighting was transferred to the civil engineering department. At the same time as the Solingen public utility company switched to natural gas, the city began to replace gas lamps with electric lights in 1969.

Recent history

In August 1969, a waste incineration plant was put into operation on Sandstrasse. Electricity generation in the connected thermal power station started on September 10th. On November 4, 1969, the plant was transferred to the city of Solingen.

The last gas lantern in Solingen went out in October 1975; the electric lights were now burning everywhere in Solingen. Since January 1, 1975, the formerly independent town of Burg and the village of Höhrath have also been part of the Solingen urban area.

In 1980 the Solingen municipal utilities now had five branches of operation: electricity, gas, water, thermal power station and transport. A year later, the Stadtwerke moved into their new administration and operations building on Beethovenstrasse, where it is still located today.

In view of the acquisition of the medium-voltage systems from RWE Energie AG on January 1, 1992, the electricity company had already made extensive investments in the area of ​​transformer and conversion systems a few years earlier. In order to clearly demarcate the medium-voltage supply area of ​​Stadtwerke Solingen in Solingen (except for the Burg district) from the RWE supply area in neighboring communities from 1992, it was necessary to disentangle the existing line connections. As a result of the takeover, the volume and structure of sales changed considerably compared to previous years. The renewal and expansion of the supply networks continued according to plan and at a constant rate. Old switching houses and systems were rebuilt or completely replaced by new buildings. After the council decision of the city of Solingen, the previous municipal company Stadtwerke Solingen was restructured on September 22, 1995 to Stadtwerke Solingen GmbH. At that time, the city of Solingen was the sole shareholder of the newly founded corporation. The aim was to create the "outer" framework for an efficient company. With seven substations, 863 distribution stations and a cable network of around 1,500 km in length, the new Stadtwerke Solingen GmbH supplied almost all citizens of the city (Burg only since September 2002) with electrical energy. The processes of conversion and feeding into the network were monitored and controlled by the network control center. The main supplier was still RWE Energie AG.

As one of the first municipal energy suppliers in Germany, Stadtwerke Solingen has been responding to the steadily growing demand for “green electricity” since 1999. Since September 1999, they have also been offering electricity that was obtained from a green electricity pool, into which electricity from the power of wind, water, sun, biomass and combined heat and power was fed.

In 2000, two new federal German laws had an impact on electricity suppliers: the law for the priority of renewable energies and the law for the protection of electricity from cogeneration. For the network operators, the obligation arose to purchase all regeneratively generated electricity fed into their network and to remunerate it above the market price. In that year, Stadtwerke Solingen purchased over 95% of the additional quantities from EnBW Energie-Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH, which has been the new electricity supplier for Stadtwerke Solingen since 2000. The remaining amount continued to be generated in the Glüder waterworks and in the city of Solingen's waste incineration plant. In addition, private suppliers fed electricity into the Solingen network.

In 2002 Stadtwerke Solingen GmbH was partially privatized. The MVV Energie AG, Mannheim , acquired a 49.9% for 120 million euros, becoming partner of Stadtwerke Solingen GmbH in the area of supply. The contract should initially apply until 2020.

In the course of the requirements of the German legislator for unbundling under company law, SWS Netze Solingen GmbH was founded on October 1, 2005.

On September 30, 2012, the separation from the former business partner MVV Energie was completed. The city of Solingen bought back the shares for 114 million euros plus ancillary costs. Since then, the utility and transport company has been completely under city control.

New business areas

The provision of cheap and sustainable energy and a secure supply situation is a basic requirement for entrepreneurial success, stable local value chains and the healthy development of Stadtwerke Solingen. With regard to long-term profitability and the importance for the communal goals, the investment in renewable energies and the provision of related services is an important component.

Energy management

Use of renewable energies

Stadtwerke Solingen supports the installation and operation of photovoltaic systems on private house roofs with a corresponding service package. With a photovoltaic system (short: PV system), part of the incident solar radiation can be converted into electrical energy with the help of solar modules . First, direct current is generated in the solar modules . A so-called inverter that controls the system converts the direct current into alternating current and can then be consumed directly on site or fed into the local power grid. If customers generate solar power with their own PV system and use this to charge their electric car , for example , they can make use of various services from Stadtwerke Solingen. This includes, for example, technical advice as well as maintenance and repair of the respective system. This also applies to customers who produce heating themselves.

Lowering energy costs

In order to discover ways of reducing energy costs, for example with regard to network charges , industrial and commercial customers can use the services offered by Stadtwerke Solingen. One component is the so-called load profile analysis, with which the electricity consumption of a company is graphically displayed over the course of the day, week and month. This enables load peaks and unnecessary consumption to be detected and the consumption behavior and energy costs of customers to be optimized.

Electromobility

Electric charging stations (charging stations)

TankE charging station of the Solingen municipal utility

Since 2018, a total of two charging stations from Stadtwerke Solingen on the premises at Beethovenstrasse 210 can be used to charge electric vehicles . The pillars each have two charging points , so that two electric vehicles can be charged independently of each other per charging station. Charging via the type 2 plug with a maximum of 22 kW per charging point is possible at all charging points. The type 2 plug was defined as a European standard by the EU Commission in January 2013. Further charging stations in Solingen, including at the St. Lukas Clinic and the Klingenhalle , were installed by the municipal utilities and are in operation. Further charging stations in Solingen are being planned and should be ready for use in the next few months.

There are also two street lights with SchuKo sockets that can be used to charge e-bikes on the premises of Stadtwerke Solingen .

TankE network

The TankE network was founded in Cologne in September 2017. Stadtwerke Solingen is a founding member along with eleven other municipal utilities. The aim of the joint work is the operation and billing of electric charging stations and the offering of the TankE network app, which guarantees access to over 5,000 charging points nationwide. Only green electricity is offered at the two charging stations of Stadtwerke Solingen, which are part of the TankE network. In addition to fuel billing, the TankE network app also enables a charging station to be found and activated around the clock. In addition, the current electricity tariffs, the current and past charging processes as well as a personal cost overview can be viewed.

Wallbox

Stadtwerke Solingen support their customers in the installation and commissioning of their own wall charging station , a so-called wallbox, with advice and technical services. As part of a NRW funding program, wallbox buyers receive a promotional bonus.

A wallbox in accordance with the international standard IEC 62196 is a wall-mounted connection option for charging electric cars , which is mainly installed inside the house (e.g. in the garage) or in protected outdoor areas (e.g. in the carport). It is connected to the mains with 400 volts and 16 or 32 amps . It is true that conventional electric cars can also be charged using standard household power connections, so-called SchuKo sockets . Such a charging process, however, harbors safety risks (possible overload with fire hazard) and can take twelve hours or more. An electric car should therefore not be charged regularly and only at a SchuKo socket when no other charging option is available. The charging process can also be shortened significantly with a wallbox. Depending on the model of the electric car, the built-in battery and the wallbox used, twelve hours turn into around one to two hours of charging time. The electric car is connected to the wallbox via a charging cable with a type 2 plug .

Security services

Customers of Stadtwerke Solingen can - in combination with an electricity and / or gas contract - conclude a service package with the Stadtwerke. This includes various security services: Emergency tradesman emergency help with appropriate security services, data recovery from the hard drive, extended warranty for electrical appliances, key recovery service, discounts for repairs to electrical appliances.

Stadtwerke Solingen Group

Stadtwerke Solingen is a limited liability company. The shareholders are the Beteiligungsgesellschaft der Stadt Solingen mbH and Stadt-Sparkasse Solingen , so that the Stadtwerke are to be regarded as a municipal company .

Holdings

Stadtwerke Solingen (supply department) own the following capital shares in other companies:

SWS Netze Solingen GmbH and itec Solingen GmbH are wholly owned by the Stadtwerke. The SWS networks Solingen GmbH is the grid operator for electricity and gas in the concession areas of Stadtwerke Solingen. It was founded in 2005 to comply with the politically desired separation of network and sales (so-called unbundling ). This also gives competitors non-discriminatory and transparent access to the network under the same conditions. Itec Solingen GmbH was founded in 1997 (on September 11th). It is an IT service provider for the Stadtwerke Solingen group.

Stadtwerke Solingen (supply department) are involved in:

Participation Amount of capital shares in% based on the Solingen municipal utility
Energy for Solingen GmbH & Co. KG 80.00
Energy for Solingen Verwaltungs-GmbH 80.00
EDL Solingen GmbH, Solingen 74.90
Wasserberg Baumberg GmbH, Solingen 50.00
ELBA Omnibusreisen GmbH, Düsseldorf 25.00
Bergische Trinkwasserverbund GmbH (BTV), Remscheid 19.85
New Efficiency GmbH 15.75
STEAG Windpark Ullersdorf GmbH & Co. KG 11.64
Biogas Pool 2 for Stadtwerke GmbH & Co. KG, Unna 10.96
Trianel Onshore Windkraftwerke GmbH & Co. KG (TOW), Aachen 9.14
Trianel Renewable Energies GmbH & Co. KG (TEE) 6.53
smartOPTIMO GmbH & Co. KG 5.00
Trianel Gaskraftwerk Hamm GmbH & Co. KG (TGH), Aachen 2.45
Trianel GmbH, Aachen 0.99

Key figures

Results for the financial years from 2013/2014:

Fiscal year 01.10.2017 - 30.09.2018 October 01, 2016 - September 30, 2017 October 01, 2015 - September 30, 2016 October 01, 2014 - September 30, 2015 01/10/2013 - 30/09/2014
Sales (€) 228,089,792.15 229,096,347.24 255,061,915.20 259,712,858.59 313,071,278.01
Annual surplus (€) 3,036,180.92 3,839,419.41 3,229,200.30 1,319,481.27 588,392.76
Balance sheet total (€) 257,027,341.31 250,317,439.93 262,030,919.05 250,839,375.09 269,558,366.43

literature

  • Beate Battenfeld: Pumping, storing, distributing. Relics of the early water supply , Solingen 2004
  • Beate Battenfeld: 150 years of gas supply in Solingen. In: Romerike Berge. Journal for the Bergisches Land , ed. Schlossbauverein Burg ad W. and Bergischer Geschichtsverein, issue 4/2009, pp. 18–24
  • Georg Hautzel: The Wupper made the start. The history of the power supply in Solingen. In: Anchor and Sword. From the past and present of the city of Solingen , Ed. Stadtarchiv Solingen, Duisburg 1959, pp. 239–301
  • Klose / Söhren: memorandum for the inauguration of the Sengbach dam. May 28, 1903
  • Hansjörg Riechert: The energy supply of the city of Solingen from the beginning of the Second World War to the Korean War. In: Journal of the Bergisches Geschichtsverein , Volume 98, vol. 1997/1998, Neustadt ad Aisch, 2000, pp. 233-261
  • Heinz Rosenthal: Solingen. History of a City , Volume Three, Ed. Rüdiger Schneider Berrenberg, Duisburg 1975, pp. 114–122
  • Only the moonlight doesn't cost anything. The last gas lantern tells the story of Solingen street lighting . A documentation from the civil engineering office (1975)
  • Files and annual reports Municipal gas and water works Dorp, Gräfrath, Höhscheid, Ohligs, Solingen, Wald 1857 to 1935; Files of the city archive of Solingen; Annual reports Stadtwerke Solingen from 1935; Various newspaper reports from the 1850s to the 1980s (Solingen City Archives) and from 2012
  • Annual reports of Stadtwerke Solingen 1935–2015

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Annual report of Stadtwerke Solingen 2016/2017 (URL: https://www.stadtwerke-solingen.de/uploads/tx_bcpageflip/stadtwerke-solingen-geschaeftsbericht-2017-2018.pdf , p. 49)
  2. ↑ Annual report of Stadtwerke Solingen 2017/2018 (URL: https://www.stadtwerke-solingen.de/uploads/tx_bcpageflip/stadtwerke-solingen-geschaeftsbericht-2017-2018.pdf , p. 51)
  3. ↑ a b c d Chronicle on the website of Stadtwerke Solingen GmbH ( https://www.stadtwerke-solingen.de/privat-gewerbekunden/unternehmen/zahldatenfotos/chronik/ )
  4. ↑ a b Annual report of Stadtwerke Solingen from 1963, p. 26
  5. ↑ a b The company - SWS Netze Solingen GmbH. Retrieved October 18, 2017 .
  6. ↑ Stadtwerke Group on the website of Stadtwerke Solingen GmbH ( https://www.stadtwerke-solingen.de/privat-gewerbekunden/unternehmen/stadtwerke-konzern/ )
  7. ^ Heinz Rosenthal: Solingen. History of a City , Volume Three, Ed. Rüdiger Schneider Berrenberg, Duisburg 1975, pp. 114–122
  8. ^ Contract between Ritter and the city of Solingen , in: SOLINGER KREIS-INTELLIGENZBLATT of May 26, 1858; City archive Solingen, file p. 1663 Gasworks Solingen Ritter u. Co. 1859 to 1888 ; City archive Solingen, file p. 1655 The installation of gas lighting for Solingen . 1888 to 1894 ; The gas replaced the rapeseed oil. Gas lighting was introduced in Solingen 95 years ago in: NEUE RHEIN-ZEITUNG October 22, 1954
  9. ↑ Stadtarchiv Solingen, file p. 1678 The installation of a water pipe and the waterworks of the city of Solingen. 1878 to 1888 ; Beate Battenfeld: Pumping, storing, distributing. Relicts of early water supply , Ed. BGV Abt. Solingen, Solingen 2004, p. 6ff.
  10. ↑ Georg Hautzel: The Wupper made the start. The history of the power supply in Solingen , in: Anchor and Sword. From the past and present of the city of Solingen, Ed. Stadtarchiv Solingen, Duisburg 1959, Volume 1, pp. 239–301, here pp. 240–246
  11. ↑ Georg Hautzel: The Wupper made the start. The history of the power supply in Solingen , in: Anchor and Sword. From the past and present of the city of Solingen, Ed. Stadtarchiv Solingen, Duisburg 1959, Volume 1, pp. 239–301, here p. 252
  12. ↑ a b Only the moonlight costs nothing. The last gas lantern tells the story of Solingen street lighting , documentation of the civil engineering office Solingen (1975), p. 22
  13. ↑ Klose / Söhren: memorandum for the inauguration of Sengbach Dam. May 28, 1903
  14. ↑ a b Annual report of Stadtwerke Solingen 1957, p. 4
  15. ↑ Georg Hautzel: The Wupper made the start. The history of the power supply in Solingen , in: Anchor and Sword. From the past and present of the city of Solingen, Ed. Stadtarchiv Solingen, Duisburg 1959, Volume 1, pp. 239–301, here p. 277
  16. ^ Hansjörg Riechert: The energy supply of the city of Solingen from the beginning of the Second World War to the Korean War . In: ZEITSCHRIFT DES BERGISCHEN HISTORYVEREIN, Volume 98, year 1997/1998, Neustadt ad Aisch, 2000, p. 237
  17. ^ Hansjörg Riechert: The energy supply of the city of Solingen from the beginning of the Second World War to the Korean War . In: ZEITSCHRIFT DES BERGISCHEN HISTORYVEREIN, Volume 98, year 1997/1998, Neustadt ad Aisch, 2000, p. 240
  18. ^ Hansjörg Riechert: The energy supply of the city of Solingen from the beginning of the Second World War to the Korean War . In: ZEITSCHRIFT DES BERGISCHEN HISTORYVEREIN, Volume 98, year 1997/1998, Neustadt ad Aisch, 2000, p. 242
  19. ^ Hansjörg Riechert: The energy supply of the city of Solingen from the beginning of the Second World War to the Korean War . In: ZEITSCHRIFT DES BERGISCHEN HISTORY, Volume 98, year 1997/1998, Neustadt ad Aisch, 2000, p. 246 ff.
  20. ^ Heinz Rosenthal: Solingen. History of a City, Volume Three, Ed. Rüdiger Schneider Berrenberg, Duisburg 1975, p. 436
  21. ↑ Brochure from Stadtwerke Solingen: 125 years of central drinking water supply in Solingen
  22. ^ Annual report of Stadtwerke Solingen for 1935, p. 25
  23. ^ Administrative report of the city of Solingen from the collapse in 1945 to March 31, 1949, p. 123 ff.
  24. ^ Annual reports of Stadtwerke Solingen after 1948
  25. ↑ a b Annual report of Stadtwerke Solingen 1957, p. 5
  26. ↑ It started with the water. The development of the Solingen utilities , in: NEUE RHEIN-ZEITUNG December 29, 1958
  27. ↑ Georg Hautzel: The Wupper made the start. The history of the power supply in Solingen , in: Anchor and Sword. From the past and present of the city of Solingen, Ed. Stadtarchiv Solingen, Duisburg 1959, Volume 1, pp. 239–301, here p. 284
  28. ^ Annual reports of Stadtwerke Solingen after 1953
  29. ↑ a b Only the moonlight costs nothing. The last gas lantern tells the story of Solingen street lighting , Documentation of the Civil Engineering Office Solingen (1975), p. 41
  30. ↑ Administrative report of the city of Solingen from January 1, 1965 to December 31, 1969. P. 253 ff.
  31. ↑ The last gas lamp went out yesterday. In: SOLINGER TAGEBLATT, October 21, 1975.
  32. ↑ Only the moonlight costs nothing. The last gas lantern tells the story of Solingen street lighting , Documentation of the Civil Engineering Office Solingen (1975), p. 46
  33. ↑ Stadtwerke Solingen, brochure on the completion of the new administration building (1981), p. 5
  34. ^ Stadtwerke Solingen: Corporate Development 1991
  35. ^ Stadtwerke Solingen: Corporate Development 1992
  36. ↑ Annual report of Stadtwerke Solingen 2012/2013, p. 6
  37. ^ Annual report of Stadtwerke Solingen 2000, pp. 14–15
  38. ↑ Finanz.net of August 23, 2012, MVV Energie: City of Solingen buys back shares in Stadtwerke Solingen ( http://www.finanzen.net/nachricht/aktien/MVV-Energie-Stadt-Solingen-kauf-Anteile-an- Stadtwerke-Solingen-back-2020379 )
  39. ↑ SOLINGER BOTE from August 25, 2012, Solingen: BfS is pleased about the buyback of the SWS shares ( http://solinger-bote.de/nachrichten/2012/08/25/solingen-bfs-freut-sich-ueber- the-buy-back-of-sws-shares / )
  40. ↑ https://www.stadtwerke-solingen.de/privat-gewerbekunden/dienstleistungen/hausmachen/
  41. ↑ https://www.stadtwerke-solingen.de/grosskunden/strom/expertencheck/
  42. ↑ https://www.stadtwerke-solingen.de/privat-gewerbekunden/strom/elektromobilitaet/elektrotankstelle/
  43. ↑ https://www.tanke.info/
  44. ↑ https://www.stadtwerke-solingen.de/publikation/stadtwerke-solingen-treiben-elektro-mobilitaet-lokal-voran/
  45. ↑ https://www.stadtwerke-solingen.de/privat-gewerbekunden/strom/zusatzmodule/oekoplus/
  46. ↑ https://www.stadtwerke-solingen.de/privat-gewerbekunden/strom/elektromobilitaet/tanke-netzwerk-app/
  47. ↑ https://www.stadtwerke-solingen.de/privat-gewerbekunden/strom/elektromobilitaet/wallbox/
  48. ↑ https://www.energieagentur.nrw/foerderung/progres.nrw
  49. ↑ https://www.stadtwerke-solingen.de/privat-gewerbekunden/strom/zusatzmodule/schutzengel-plus/ /
  50. ↑ a b c Annual reports of Stadtwerke Solingen from 2014/2015 (URL: https://www.stadtwerke-solingen.de/privat-gewerbekunden/unternehmen/zahldatenfotos/geschaeftsberichte/ )
  51. ↑ itec Solingen website www.itec-solingen.de

Coordinates: 51 ° 10 ′ 30.5 ″  N , 7 ° 3 ′ 4.3 ″  E