Grandfather clock (motor)

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Grandfather clock. Version 1886 cc displacement with 462 and 1.1 hp (0.8 kW) at 650 min -1 . Weight 92 kg
Grandfather clock (1886)

The grandfather clock is called the world's first high-speed petrol engine , which was developed by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach . On April 3, 1885, Daimler received a patent for the four-stroke engine reminiscent of a pendulum clock , which the inventors called the "grandfather clock".

prehistory

With the compensation of the Deutz gas engine factory in the amount of 75,000 marks , Daimler acquired a villa in Taubenheimstrasse in Stuttgart in 1882. Together with Maybach, he carried out engine tests in the villa's garden house. The experiments took place in the greatest of secrecy, so that one day the gardener reported to the police that he suspected a counterfeit workshop. Police sergeant Johann Sieger led the investigation. A duplicate key was used to break into the garden shed at night, but found nothing suspicious.

Maybach, who studied many patents as part of the experiments, took over the glow tube ignition invented by Leo Funck in 1879 , for which the patent had expired (due to lack of money). The gas engine, protected under patent no. 28022 from December 16, 1883, had an "uncontrolled glow tube ignition", for which the term "pneumatic ignition" was used. As described in the patent, the engine "was never built and would hardly have worked." With patent no. 28243 of December 22, 1883, Daimler not only supplemented the previous patent, but also had the valve control of its engine protected. With this cam groove control , the first test engine ran at the end of 1883, the bronze cylinder of which had been cast by the Heinrich Kurtz bell foundry. The engine ( bore : 42 mm, stroke : 72 mm) reached a speed of 600 min −1 in May 1884 , far more than any other engine before, and is said to have produced around 1/4  HP (294 W). The engine and all documents were destroyed in the factory fire in 1903. In the second test engine, the inlet valve was already controlled.

Grandfather clock

The third test engine with poppet valve and surface carburetor which became known as "clock" in the story made about 1 horsepower (735 W) at 600 min -1 ; the bore was 70, the stroke 120 mm (displacement 462 cm³). Daimler had the precompression of the combustion mixture in the crankcase protected with patent no. 34926 from April 3, 1885. This construction required a closed crankcase. The Daimler riding car was protected by patent no. 36423 from August 29, 1885 . The version of the "grandfather clock" reduced to 264 cm³ with a float carburetor developed by Maybach and patented by Daimler was tested there for the first time. 1886, PS (809 W) to 1.1 at 650 min -1 incorporated uprated clock as a drive in a carriage (Daimler motor car); the body of the one-off was made by Wimpff und Sohn in Stuttgart. The first trips took place in March 1887. Before that, however, in August 1886, the grandfather clock in Daimler's boat "Neckar", patent no. 39367 of October 9, 1886, was tested. 1888 was a drive for the airship by Friedrich Hermann Wölfert used. A newly developed two-cylinder engine was only used in the two versions of the Daimler steel-wheeled car from 1889.

Litigation

The success of Daimler's engine - he had the patent for the uncontrolled glow tube ignition - led to bitter litigation (two instances) and Deutz's nullity action against patent no. 28022, which was rejected by the Reichsgericht in 1897 in the last instance. Daimler was accused of “not inventing anything at all” and of having used the glow tube ignition without authorization. Daimler, on the other hand, stated in its reply of April 1894 that ...

“... only through the method of applying compression, invented by me after endless attempts, while simultaneously using an externally heated glow point in the compression chamber, which works with the same in a continuously open connection in such a way that the charge is ignited with rapid compression only at the end of the compression stroke entry […]"

- Gottlieb Daimler.

led to success. In order to prevent the uncontrollable pre-ignition, Daimler carried out extensive tests on the combustion chamber. He was bitter about Deutz because Deutz rejected the right of use ("exploitation and distribution") offered in 1885 for the Daimler engine and the invention was disparagingly referred to as " Kappes ".

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ mercedes-benz.com Daimler single-cylinder engine grandfather clock (accessed on July 30, 2016)
  2. ↑ Harry Niemann: Gottlieb Daimler , p. 95.
  3. ↑ zeit.de The tinkerer in the glass house. (accessed on July 30, 2016)
  4. ↑ wdr.de Deadline: March 17, 2009 - 175 years ago: Gottlieb Daimler is born.
  5. ^ Friedrich Sass: History of the German internal combustion engine construction. , P. 81.
  6. ↑ Hans Christoph Graf von Seherr-Thoss (Ed.): Klassiker der Technik , p. 23.
  7. ↑ Harry Niemann: Gottlieb Daimler , p. 100.
  8. ↑ Hans Christoph Graf von Seherr-Thoss (Ed.): Klassiker der Technik , p. 25.
  9. ^ Friedrich Sass: History of German internal combustion engine construction ., P. 85.
  10. ↑ Harry Niemann: Gottlieb Daimler , p. 104.
  11. ↑ Friedrich Sass: History of German internal combustion engine construction ., P. 92.
  12. ↑ Olaf von Fersen (ed.): A century of automobile technology. Passenger cars. VDI Verlag 1986, ISBN 3-18-400620-4 , p. 14.
  13. ^ Hans Christoph Graf von Seherr-Thoss (Ed.): Klassiker der Technik , p. 38.
  14. ↑ Quoted from: Hans Christoph Graf von Seherr-Thoss (Ed.): Klassiker der Technik , p. 44.
  15. ↑ Quoted from: Hans Christoph Graf von Seherr-Thoss (Ed.): Klassiker der Technik , p. 62.