Lieutenancy (Schleswig-Holstein)

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Monument to the governors Reventlou and Beseler in Schleswig

The governorship (Schleswig-Holstein) was an interim government of Schleswig-Holstein from 1849 to 1851. This was preceded by the Schleswig-Holstein survey in the entire Danish state . The two governors were appointed by Eduard Souchay in the name of the Provisional Central Authority on March 26, 1849. From August 1849, they ruled only Holstein. In January 1851, the Schleswig-Holstein State Assembly gave up the war and Danish rule was restored.

Creation and activity

In March 1849 the Schleswig-Holstein War broke out again after Denmark had terminated the Treaty of Malmö (1848) the month before . On March 26, the members of the former Joint Government resigned. Reichskommissar Souchay then set up a government for both duchies, the governorship , on behalf of the Frankfurt central authority . The Schleswig-Holstein State Assembly welcomed this. Members of the governorship residing in Schleswig were MPs Wilhelm Hartwig Beseler and Friedrich von Reventlou , who had already belonged to the Provisional Government in 1848. Since August 23, 1849 she was limited to Holstein and moved to Kiel. Since then, Schleswig has been ruled from Flensburg by a Prussian-Danish state administration for the Duchy of Schleswig and since July 13, 1850 by an Extraordinary Government Commissioner for the Duchy of Schleswig.

The governorship, however, denied legitimacy to the constituent state assembly and unsuccessfully tried to bring about new elections. They also refused to send troops to southern Schleswig, which was again administered by the Danish side. In March 1850, the state assembly refused to approve more money for the military . The governorship prevailed, however, and an ordinary national assembly was elected in June and July. If interest and voter turnout were low, the Democrats and left-wing liberals surprisingly won because of their better organization. The foreign policy situation remained depressing.

Prussia's temporary support

After the Second Armistice Treaty of July 10, 1849, between Prussia and Denmark , the governorship remained the government for Holstein, but a state commission formed in Flensburg was responsible for Schleswig.

But with the Peace of Berlin on July 2, 1850, Prussia de facto abandoned the governorship that it had supported until then. Namely, it approved that Denmark requested (military) intervention by the German Confederation in order to be able to exercise its rule again in Schleswig and Holstein. Should this not lead to success, Denmark could intervene militarily itself. Shortly afterwards, an international conference in London confirmed that the Danish king had the right to rule over Schleswig and Holstein.

resolution

After the autumn crisis and the Olomouc punctuation at the end of 1850, Austria and Prussia appointed , as agreed, an Austrian federal commissioner and a Prussian commissioner. Both asked the governorship on January 6, 1851, to break off the war against Denmark and to dissolve the national assembly. The state assembly decided on January 10th and 11th to approve the Olomouc punctuation, whereupon Beseler immediately left the governorship.

The remaining governor Reventlou resigned on February 1, 1851 his functions. The intervention troops from Austria marched into Holstein and carried out the business of government there. After negotiations between the German Confederation and Denmark about the future regulations for Schleswig and Holstein, the intervention troops left Holstein on February 18, 1852.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ernst Rudolf Huber: German constitutional history since 1789. Volume II: The struggle for unity and freedom 1830 to 1850 . 3rd edition, Verlag W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart [ua] 1988, p. 904.
  2. ^ Martin Rackwitz : March Revolution in Kiel 1848. Uprising against Denmark and the beginning of democracy. Boyens, o. O. 2011, pp. 226/227.
  3. ^ Martin Rackwitz: March Revolution in Kiel 1848. Uprising against Denmark and the beginning of democracy. Boyens, op. Cit. 2011, pp. 147-150.
  4. ^ Ernst Rudolf Huber: German constitutional history since 1789. Volume II: The struggle for unity and freedom 1830 to 1850 . 3rd edition, Verlag W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart [ua] 1988, p. 904.
  5. ^ Ernst Rudolf Huber: German constitutional history since 1789. Volume II: The struggle for unity and freedom 1830 to 1850 . 3rd edition, Verlag W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart [ua] 1988, p. 905.
  6. a b Ernst Rudolf Huber: German constitutional history since 1789. Volume II: The struggle for unity and freedom 1830 to 1850 . 3rd edition, Verlag W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart [ua] 1988, pp. 933/934.
  7. ^ Martin Rackwitz: March Revolution in Kiel 1848. Uprising against Denmark and the beginning of democracy. Boyens, o. O. 2011, p. 150.