Steatocranus
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Steatocranus | ||||||||||||
| Boulenger , 1899 |
Steatocranus ( Gr .: “steatos” = fat; “cranion”, Lat .: “cranium” = skull) is a genus of African cichlids (Cichlidae). The type species of the genus is S. gibbiceps .
features
The different species are eight to seventeen centimeters long. Their body is cylindrical and only slightly flattened on the sides. Their coloring is a solid gray or gray-brown. All species have a reduced swim bladder . This reduction is differently pronounced. The males have a pronounced frontal hump. The long dorsal fin has 19 to 22 spine rays, the anal fin 3 hard rays. 30 to 34 scales are counted in a middle row on the sides of the body. All sheds are round sheds . The mouth is thick-lipped. The teeth in the upper and lower jaw are in several rows, in the outermost row two-pointed, large teeth, in the inner rows small conical or three-pointed teeth.
distribution
The species of the genus inhabit the Congo river system . All species are bottom-dwelling, current -loving (rheophilic) fish that inhabit rapids and current -rich sections of rivers.
Reproduction
Steatocranus species are cave breeders that form a father-mother family . 40 to 120 white-gray to red-brown oval eggs are laid. The fry hatch after 4 to 6 days and leave the brood cavity for the first time after 12 to 15 days.
species
- Steatocranus bleheri Meyer, 1993
- Humpback cichlid ( Steatocranus casuarius ) Poll, 1939
- Steatocranus gibbiceps Boulenger , 1899
- Steatocranus glaber Roberts & Stewart, 1976
- Steatocranus mpozoensis Roberts & Stewart, 1976
- Steatocranus rouxi ( Pellegrin , 1928)
- Steatocranus tinanti (Poll, 1939)
- Steatocranus ubanguiensis Roberts & Stewart, 1976
- Steatocranus sp. "Roach", unwritten
- Steatocranus sp. "Ultraslender", unwritten
Some species are kept as aquarium fish. The best known of these species is the humpback cichlid ( S. casuarius ).
literature
- Günther Sterba : The world's freshwater fish. 2nd Edition. Urania, Leipzig / Jena / Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-332-00109-4 .
- Günther Sterba (Ed.), Gert Brückner: Encyclopedia of Aquaristics and Special Ichthyology. Neumann-Neudamm, Melsungen u. a. 1978, ISBN 3-7888-0252-9 .
- Anton Lamboj : Steatocranus. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (Hrsg.): The large lexicon of aquaristics. 2 volumes. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9 , pp. 901 f.
- Tyson R Roberts, Donald J Stewart: An ecological and systematic survey of fishes in the rapids of the lower Zaire or Congo River. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, v. 147, no.6 online
- Julia Schwarzer, Bernhard Misof, Seraphin N. Ifuta, Ulrich K. Schliewen: Time and Origin of Cichlid Colonization of the Lower Congo Rapids . PLoS ONE 6 (7): e22380. DOI: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0022380
Individual evidence
- ↑ Frank Warzel: News from the genus Steatocranus. DCG information, 05/1995, PDF
- ↑ Schliewen, Ulrich: Aquarium fish from A to Z Gräfe and Unzer, 2011 [1]
