Stone chamber from Deinste
| Stone chamber from Deinste | |||
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 Great stone grave of your 1st |
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| Coordinates | 53 ° 30 '43.9 " N , 9 ° 27' 14.4" E | ||
| place | Deinste , Lower Saxony , Germany | ||
| Emergence | 3500 to 2800 BC Chr. | ||
| Sprockhoff no. | 657 | ||
The stone chamber of Deinste is a passage grave that was sunk into the ground like the ancient dolmen . It is located about eight kilometers south of Stade and 1.5 kilometers southeast of Deinste in Lower Saxony , in the Elbe-Weser triangle . It dates from the Neolithic Age 3500–2800 BC. And is a megalithic system of the funnel beaker culture (TBK).
A passage grave sunk in a similar way is the stone chamber of Grammdorf , which was excavated in 1982 near Grammdorf, Wangels municipality , in the Ostholstein district . The depth and small size of these systems make it likely that they are two of the oldest systems of this type.
description
Until the 1930s, a burial mound field consisting of 43 hills lay in the heath around a lake that is now silted up. In the remainder of what was once a large round hill, which contained two tree coffin burials, there was a small chamber, the east end of which is severely disturbed. Only two of the three capstones were left. The third fell as a sacrifice to stone hunters in the mid-19th century. In the first quarter of the 20th century, the open chamber was the target of robbery excavations. In the years 1928/1929 Willi Wegewitz measured and examined the chamber . The surrounding hill, in the then still intact heathland, was preserved. In the course of cultivation the hill and the chamber were endangered again in 1959 and were examined by Jürgen Deichmüller . The facility could be restored and protected from further destruction.
construction
The large hill with a diameter of 25 meters was completely excavated. This enabled insight into the structure of the chamber and the construction process. The carrier stones were placed in a 90 centimeter deep pit and only protruded about 50 centimeters above the surface of the earth. They were stabilized on the outside by a rolling stone packing and inside by a double floor paving. The spaces between the supporting stones were grouted with stone slabs. There was a narrow entrance on the south side. In front of it were stair stones and a threshold stone . A wedge-shaped stone closed the entrance. The investigation in the undisturbed part of the hill shows further details. A shallow mound had been raised around the chamber, which also covered the capstones. At the level of the lower edge of the capstones, the hill was surrounded by a stone wreath made of bucket-sized boulders which contributed to the fortification of the hill.
Finds
There wasn't much left of the chamber inventory. However, the shards and the charcoal residues were sufficient to recognize the funnel cup people as the builders of the original facility. The different concentrations of cullet found under the mound (outside the chamber) during the investigation are always close to stone settlements and are interesting in other respects. The sharp edges of the broken pieces indicate that the vessels were already broken when the chamber was occupied. Jürgen Deichmüller points out the connection between the concentration of broken fragments and the stone setting and points out whether vessels could not have been intentionally broken - for example in the context of a rite whose meaning is hidden. The accumulations of fragments in front of the entrances to megalithic systems, which can often be observed, were mostly interpreted in older research as carelessly cleared out chamber contents. Findings like that of yours allow us to interpret today mostly in the sense indicated above.
Reuse
The history of the hill does not end with the activities of the funnel beaker culture, because the burials of individual graves can also be identified through finds and findings. In the older Bronze Age , the hill was then considerably raised and expanded to accommodate several tree coffin burials . These were indicated by the wedge stones of the coffins and dated through pollen analysis studies. In the upper part of the hill there were urns from the older Iron Age .
See also
literature
- Jürgen Deichmüller : Stader Jahrbuch 1960 pp. 49–59.
- Jürgen Deichmüller: A stone grave near Deinste. In: Guide to Prehistoric and Protohistoric Monuments. Volume 30. The Elb-Weser Triangle II: Research Problems - Excursions: Stade · Zeven · Bremervörde · Buxtehude. Verlag Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1976, ISBN 3-8053-0145-6 , pp. 81-87.
- Ernst Sprockhoff : Atlas of the megalithic tombs of Germany. Part 3: Lower Saxony - Westphalia. Rudolf-Habelt Verlag, Bonn 1975, ISBN 3-7749-1326-9 , p. 22.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Submerged systems largely bring with them those stabilizing elements that are preserved above-ground systems by stone packings and the like in a hill. You also do not need inward sloping bearing stones, but occasionally have them anyway for other reasons.