Tram Hagen
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| Basic information | |
| Country | Germany |
| city | Hagen |
| opening | November 13, 1884 |
| electrification | April 12, 1900 |
| Shutdown | May 29, 1976 |
| Infrastructure | |
| Formerly the largest route |
54.5 km |
| Gauge | 1000 mm ( meter gauge ) |
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The tram Hagen was the tram operator of the North Rhine-Westphalian city of Hagen . There were also connections to Breckerfeld , Herdecke , Wetter , Ennepetal and Gevelsberg . It existed between 1884 and 1976.
Horse tram
On July 29, 1884, the Hagen tram company was founded in the city of Hagen , which wanted to operate a horse-drawn tram in the city . On August 2nd of that year, a contract was signed with the city for the construction and operation of such a railway. After the test drives on November 5 and 6, the horse-drawn tram was put into operation on November 13, 1884. The 2,050-meter-long line ran from the Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft station via Schwenke as well as Elberfelder and Frankfurter Strasse to Oberhagen station. On February 9, 1885, an extension of 1,280 m to Eilpe was put into operation. In addition, another stretch from Schwenke to Kückelhausen was inaugurated, although it was only used for a few months. Due to the level crossings, which caused delays, and the lack of a direct connection to the first line, it was not accepted by the people of Hagen and was closed again. Since the expenses soon exceeded the income of the railway, the company had to file for bankruptcy on July 30, 1889 .
The bankruptcy administrator initially continued to run the company at the expense of the bankruptcy estate. In the meantime, an underpass had been built under the railway line and the line to Kückelhausen had been connected at the city's expense. So operations on it were resumed. 1891 the railway was by the Cologne company Hammacher & Co acquired. This extended the horse tram from the market to Körnerstraße, the main train station and Wehringhauser Straße to Kückelhausen.
Eckeseyer tram
The still independent municipality of Eckesey founded its own tram company on June 8, 1894. On July 7, 1895, it opened a 2,550-meter-long route from Eckesey to Altenhagen, where it joined the Hagen tram company .
Electric tram
Battery train
The entrepreneur Adolph Müller from Hagen founded the accumulator factory Hagen AG in 1888 . Since he wanted a reference route for his products, he offered the horse-drawn tramway to provide electric trams with batteries free of charge . From January 7, 1895, these battery-powered railroads ran in the city.
Overhead lines
On July 1, 1896, Siemens & Halske acquired the horse-drawn tram. It was intended to expand the railway into an electric tram . First, however, the horse-drawn tram was extended from Kückelhausen to Haspe on November 18, 1896. Since the city continued to resist the overhead lines in the city, trains with accumulators continued to be operated. Together with the accumulator factory Hagen AG, she founded the Hagener Straßenbahn AG . Since the city only wanted no overhead lines within the urban area, the line from Haspe to Gevelsberg, which was opened on April 12, 1900, began operating over overhead lines .
On October 20, 1900, the Eckeseyer tram was acquired by Hagener Straßenbahn AG.
On October 22, 1901, a decree was issued by the district president that allowed overhead lines in the city center of Hagen. An objection by the city was rejected by the Ministry of Public Works on March 11, 1902. On December 20, 1902, the overhead lines were installed in the city and the battery railway was obsolete.
Until the First World War
In the following years the route network was continuously expanded. On February 6, 1906, the city bought the shares of the tram from Siemens at 105% of the market value.
First World War
During the war, society, like everyone else, suffered from shortages of personnel and materials. In addition, the number of passengers fluctuated greatly during this period. In 1915, 9.9 million people were transported, compared to 18.1 million in 1918. In addition, the railway was used to transport goods. The coal trains introduced in 1917 ran until 1923. Some cars were even equipped for use both on the rail and on the road.
Between the world wars
After the First World War, the network began to be expanded. The following routes were inaugurated: In 1929, Hagener Straßenbahn AG owned a total of 54.49 kilometers of track with 74.05 kilometers of track. On this network she traveled 11 lines.
Due to economic difficulties, the "Kleinbahn Voerde-Haspe Ges. Mb H." had to stop passenger traffic on the Kleinbahn Haspe – Voerde – Breckerfeld . In 1927 the shares of the companies involved in the operation and construction were taken over, the line electrified and operated by the wholly-owned subsidiary "Hagener Vorortbahn GmbH". One reason for the takeover was a hoped-for expansion of the area of influence of the city of Hagen to the surrounding communities, in view of the discussed incorporation of the city of Haspe . After the incorporation in 1929, the “Hagener Vorortbahn GmbH”, which was in debt with 3 million marks, went bankrupt due to the debt service that was no longer financeable. After its liquidation , the railway went directly into the possession of "Hagener Straßenbahn AG" on May 29, 1931, which had to cover the deficits with surpluses from other areas. The railway was integrated into the network as an overland route, with line 11 mainly traveling from the market to Breckerfeld, but there were also timetable periods in which line 3 was connected there.
Second World War
At the beginning of the Second World War, after having been restructured several times, the network consisted of a total of 9 lines.
Initially, due to the restrictions of the war, only the route in the direction of Wengern had to be closed in 1942. Two bombing raids on January 1, 1943 and March 15, 1945 destroyed large parts of the railway network. Only the lines in the suburbs could be operated until the American invasion on April 14, 1945.
Until the tram stopped
The network could be restored by 1950. Numerous new plans had already been tackled, only a few of which were implemented. Instead, on August 15, 1949, the tram began to be replaced more and more by the omnibus . Nevertheless, large parts of the main network were modernized and on November 6, 1966, a new tram depot was opened in Oberhagen. In 1971 the network had shrunk to six lines in the city. On May 29, 1976 the last tram ran between Markt and Kabel.
Eight six-axle bidirectional railcars (82-89) were handed over to the Innsbruck tram after they were discontinued and, converted to eight-axle vehicles, were used on the Stubaitalbahn until 2009 . The six-axle vehicles 70–81 went to the Würzburg tram and ten other six-axle vehicles (60–69) and all four-axle large capacity cars (50–59) went to the Belgrade tram .
Chronological table of openings and closings
| Openings | ||
|---|---|---|
| Opening date | route | Route length |
| In this table the current names of the streets and places are used | ||
| November 13, 1884 | Station of the BME (Hbf) - Oberhagen | 2.05 km |
| February 9, 1885 | Oberhagen - Eilpe | 1.28 km |
| Spring 1885 | Schwenke - Kückelhausen | |
| March 1, 1886 | Schwenke - Kückelhausen reopened | |
| May 14, 1892 | Reopening of Schwenke - Kückelhausen Bf. The BME market |
3.25 km |
| July 7, 1895 |
Bf. Of the BME - Altenhagen - Eckeseyer Straße / Schwerter Straße Part of the independent horse-drawn tram of the Eckesey community |
2.55 km |
| November 18, 1896 | Kückelhausen - Hasp | |
| April 12, 1900 | Haspe - Gevelsberg | 6.33 km |
| 5th August 1900 |
Hohenlimburg - Eppenhausen, Brunnenstraße route of the Westphalian small railways |
6.07 km |
| 20th October 1900 | Takeover of the Eckesey community horse tram and its routes | |
| 17th August 1901 | Eilpe - Delstern | 1.6 km |
| October 15, 1901 | Eckesey - Herdecke | 2.12 km |
| February 6, 1902 | Market - Eppenhausen, Brunnenstrasse | 1.28 km |
| November 26, 1902 | Altenhagener Bridge - Loxbaum - Boele - Cable | 6.2 km |
| May 1, 1903 |
Haspe - Voerde Kleinbahn Haspe – Voerde – Breckerfeld |
9.1 km |
| September 30, 1907 |
Voerde - Breckerfeld Kleinbahn Haspe – Voerde – Breckerfeld |
9.29 km |
| July 25, 1910 | Delstern - Oberdelstern | |
| August 3, 1911 | City center - Gneisenaustrasse | |
| May 1, 1912 | Takeover of the route to Hohenlimburg by the Westphalian Kleinbahnen | |
| September 23, 1912 | Weststrasse - Church porch | 1.4 km |
| September 5, 1913 | Emster Strasse - Karl-Ernst-Osthaus-Strasse | 0.83 km |
| November 1, 1913 | Karl-Ernst-Osthaus-Strasse - Emst Church | 0.43 km |
| May 22, 1919 | Herdecke - weather | |
| 17th July 1920 | Weather - Wengern | |
| May 1, 1922 | Schwenke - Franklinstrasse | 1.074 km |
| June 10, 1924 | Eilpe - Mäckinger Bach | 2.6 km |
| October 15, 1924 | Mäckinger Bach - Selbecke | |
| March 11, 1925 | Oberdelstern - Ambrock | 1.5 km |
| February 7, 1927 | Kampstrasse - Buschey - Minervastrasse | 1.25 km |
| December 10, 1927 | Takeover of Kleinbahn Haspe-Voerde-Breckerfeld and integration as Hagener Vorortbahn | 18.39 km |
| May 13, 1956 | Emst Church - Bissingheim, Cunostraße | 0.4 km |
| December 8, 1962 | Vestibule, Weststrasse - vestibule west ( fork point ) | 0.96 km |
| May 28, 1968 | Bissingheim, Cunostraße - Bissingheim, Köhlerweg | 0.6 km |
| Settings | ||
| Shutdown date | route | |
| In this table the current names of the streets and places are used | ||
| December 31, 1885 | Schwenke - Kückelhausen | |
| Summer 1886 | Closing down Schwenke - Kückelhausen | |
| August 15, 1949 | Herdecke - Wetter - Wengern | |
| July 26, 1953 | Haspe, Nordstrasse - Gevelsberg | |
| October 9, 1955 | Kampstrasse - Buschey - Minervastrasse | |
| July 8, 1956 | Oberdelstern - Ambrock | |
| December 6, 1962 | Vestibule, Weststrasse - church vestibule | |
| 3rd November 1963 | Haspe - Voerde - Breckerfeld Sparkasse - Gneisenaustraße |
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| March 1, 1964 | Felsenstrasse - Selbecke | |
| November 6, 1966 | Eilpe - rock road | |
| 15th September 1968 | Herbecker Weg - Hohenlimburg | |
| May 25, 1969 | Schwenke - Franklinstrasse | |
| 1971 | Haßleyer Strasse - Herbecker Weg | |
| May 25, 1974 | Vorhalle-West - Vorhalle, Weststraße Herdecke - Altenhagener Brücke Eilpe - Oberdelstern |
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| May 31, 1975 | Haspe, Nordstrasse - Schwenke Markt - Haßleyer Strasse Emster Strasse - Bissingheim, Köhlerweg |
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| May 29, 1976 | Cable - downtown - Eilpe | |
Prospects regional light rail Hagen
In the 1960s, an appraisal was commissioned by the city of Hagen to check the profitability of a tram in the city. Although this report was in favor of the tram, it was shut down in 1976. Since then there have been repeated discussions about their reintroduction.
Efforts are being made to set up a regional light rail network based on the Karlsruhe model in and around Hagen . H. Trams go over to the Deutsche Bahn rail network at junction points and thus connect the city center with places further afield. In an expert opinion from 1997, the routes of today's regional railway lines 52 (Dortmund – Hagen – Lüdenscheid) and 91 (Hagen – Iserlohn, but not the branch to Siegen) are planned for a first phase. However, other railway lines, including the Ennepetal Railway to Ennepetal, which is currently not in regular passenger service, are also considered in the report for further phases. Despite the traffic benefits, the concept was rejected for cost reasons.
literature
- Wolfgang Reimann, Rolf Löttgers: All about Hagen . Verlag Monika Reimann, Wuppertal 1989, ISBN 3-925298-06-1 .
- Dirk Göbel, Jörg Rudat: Please get in! - With the tram through Hagen . ardenkuverlag, Hagen 2009, ISBN 978-3-932070-95-2 .
- Dirk Göbel, Jörg Rudat: Please change! - Via Haspe and Voerde to Breckerfeld - With line 11 into the countryside . ardenkuverlag, Hagen 2012, ISBN 978-3-942184-08-3 .
- Dirk Göbel, Jörg Rudat: Please get on! - From Hagen via Herdecke to Wetter - With line 4 from the Volme to the Ruhr . ardenkuverlag, Hagen 2014, ISBN 978-3-942184-13-7 .
Web links
- Press report from May 27, 2016 Westfalenpost - on the setting 40 years ago
- Documentation of the remains of disused railways in the Rhein-Ruhr-Wupper u. a. also Hagen
Individual evidence
- ↑ Working group HagenBahn: Final report - Regional Stadtbahn Hagen HagenBahn - Concrete stage for the 1st expansion stage . Ed .: City of Hagen . April 1997.
Coordinates: 51 ° 22 ′ 44 " N , 7 ° 28 ′ 30" E