Strategema

As a strategema (also strategem or stratagem ) a cunning (also war cunning ), a trick or a manipulative action in politics and military as well as in private life is called.

The 36 stratagems of the Chinese General Tan Daoji († 436), which are now part of general knowledge in China , are particularly well-known . In addition to these, two other stratagems by the Roman politician Frontinus (* around 40; † 103) and the rhetorician Polyänus (* around 100) are known. Some of the tricks of the European prince mirror can also be interpreted as stratagems. In addition, six stratagems focused on Islamic law were found in the Arab world . A more general work called Raqa'iq al-hilal fi daqa'iq al-hiyal dates back to the 15th century.

The ancient Greek word στρατήγημα stratḗgēma is translated as “ general activity ” (derived from στρατός stratós “army” and ἄγειν ágein “lead”).

See also

• Strategy (military)
• Tactics (military)
• Eristic dialectic

literature

• Marco Althaus : Strategies for Campaigns. Classic lessons and modern targeting. In: Marco Althaus (Ed.): Campaign! New strategies for election campaigns, PR and lobbying. Medienpraxis, Volume 1. Münster 2001, pp. 11–44.
• Sextus Iulius Frontinus : lists of war. Latin and German by Gerhard Bendz. Second revised edition. Berlin 1978.
• Robert Greene: Power - The 48 Laws of Power. dtv, ISBN 3-423-36248-0 .
• Julia Kotzschmar, Josef K. Pöllath: Stratagems - Creating something from nothing. marixverlag, Wiesbaden 2010, ISBN 978-3-86539-235-0 .
• Gianluca Magi: 36 stratagems for success and prosperity: the tried and tested Chinese art of strategy. Kailash, ISBN 978-3424630107 .
• Adam Matuschczyk: Creative stratagems: creative and systemic thinking when dealing with social conflicts. Cardinal, ISBN 978-3000281167 .
• Polyaenus : Strategems of war. Edited and translated by Peter Krentz and Everett L. Wheeler. 2 volumes. Chicago 1994.
• Harro von Senger : Stratagems. Life and survival lists from three millennia. Third edition. Scherz Verlag, Bern / Munich / Vienna 1996.
• Harro von Senger: Stratagems, The famous 36 stratagems of the Chinese - long guarded as secret knowledge, presented for the first time in the West. Scherz Verlag, ISBN 3-502-15660-3 .
• Gao Yuan: Lure the tiger out of the mountains. 36 wisdoms from ancient China for today's managers. Droemer Knaur, ISBN 978-3426790113 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Economy. (No longer available online.) In: shortopedia.com. Formerly in the original ; Retrieved August 29, 2009 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.