Sulfonic acid halides
Sulphonic acid halides , also called sulphonyl halides, are a group of substances in organic chemistry . They contain a sulfonyl group , which has a single bond to a halogen - atom is bound. Its general formula is R-SO 2 -X, where X is halogen.
Sulfonic acid fluorides
Sulphonic acid fluorides, also called sulphonyl fluorides, have the general formula R – SO 2 –F and are used as starting materials in syntheses. Most of the industrially produced perfluorooctanesulfonyl derivatives, such as PFOS , are made from a sulfonic acid fluoride .
Sulfonic acid chlorides
Sulphonic acid chlorides, also called sulphonyl chlorides, have the general formula R – SO 2 –Cl. They react with nucleophiles such as alcohols , primary or secondary amines (see Hinsberg separation ). When the nucleophile is an alcohol, a sulfonic acid ester is formed . If the nucleophile is an amine, a sulfonamide is formed. Important sulfonic acid chlorides are tosyl chloride , brosyl chloride , Nosylchlorid and mesyl . The sulfonic acid chlorides are usually synthesized via the Reed reaction . Sulphonic acid chlorides are sensitive to moisture.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hans-Joachim Lehmler: Synthesis of environmentally relevant fluorinated surfactants - a review . In: Chemosphere . tape 58 , no. 11 , March 1, 2005, p. 1471-1496 , doi : 10.1016 / j.chemosphere.2004.11.078 , PMID 15694468 .
- ^ Hans Beyer , Wolfgang Walter : Organic chemistry. S. Hirzel Verlag, Stuttgart 1984, pp. 458-459, ISBN 3-7776-0406-2 .
- ↑ Otto-Albrecht Neumüller (Ed.): Römpps Chemie-Lexikon. Volume 5: Pl-S. 8th revised and expanded edition. Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-440-04515-3 , p. 4054.
- ↑ Otto-Albrecht Neumüller (Ed.): Römpps Chemie-Lexikon. Volume 5: Pl-S. 8th revised and expanded edition. Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-440-04515-3 , p. 4050.